Preparation And Inhibiting Evaporation Mechanism Of Interficial Monolayers

In recent years, leakage of liquid dangerous chemicals results in great harm and regular treatment has some deficiencies. Besides, the water evaporation from large water field and soil is concerned a lot. In terms of that, technique of monolayers retarding evaporation is applied to prohibiting dangerous fume from liquid dangerous chemicals and water loss from large water field and soil by spreading interfacial monolayers at air-liquid, air-water and air-soil interface. Consequently, the interfacial monolayers can play a very impaortant role in these fields.An interfacial monolayer of liquid dangerous chemicals-nonhomogeneous liquid film, was made by emulsifing the former retardant selfmade by lab. The results showed that the effect of inhibiting hydrochloric acid volatiliazation expressed excellently with concentration20g/m2at25℃. The mass transfer coefficient was0.677m/min. For ammonia, the situation was similar with hydrochloric acid with65g/m2at25℃. The optimusm condition of emulsifiers ratio, proportion of oil phase and water phase, mass of thickener and1-hexadecanol were dicussed. And the resistance rate of nonhomogeneous liquid film was up to80%with1%emulsifiers ratio,0.9proportion of oil phase and water phase,10.1%thickener and0.6%1-hexadecanol.Meanwhile, amphiphilic O-quarternary ammonium salt-N,N-alkylated chitosan (QADCS) was prepared on the basis of chitosan. The objective product was affirmed by FTIR. The evaporation resistance reached1.05s/cm at8×10-2g/m2. When the mass ratio of QADCS and1-hexadecanol was4:6, the evaporation resistance was above3.587s/cm. Besides, the MDC signal was high, indicating there was an intersection angle between molecular and normal line and having favorable moleculars arrangement.Moreover, liquid soil film on soil surface was prepared based on humic acid. The liquid soil film was flat,even and disperse by the method of SEM. The number of root, height of wheat, fresh weight of root and leaf were performed outstandingly, even better than liquid film on market to some extent. And it wasconsumed few with crop safety. These all clarified that the liquid soil film played a positive role of retarding water evaporation of soil and in promoting the growth of wheat.