Study On Water Environment Risk Assessment Of Bulk Liquid Hazardous Chemicals In Shanghai Port

Now, China has the storage and transportation system, that including the biggest harbor of5.5billion tons and the third airport of12billion tons in the world.Shanghai port is a major hub in China, which has the biggest cargo throughput and the third container throughput in the world.Now, the cargos in Shanghai port covers9categories, nearly3000species, and it’s annual throughput about more than45million tons.Qingcaosha water source locates below the bypass of south and north port. The ship entering and departing into the Shanghai ports and the other ports in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River must pass through the channel.According to the statistics, about160000domestic and foreign ships pass through the region of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River every year, among them, there are more than10000ships carrying27million tons of dangerous chemicals. And near25to30ships that carrying about70000tons cargos pass through the area every day. The cargos include more than70kinds of hazardous chemicals, such as xylene, phenol, styrene, aniline, carbon tetrachloride, n-butyl acetate, which constitute a huge risk of security and contamination.Once the water traffic accident happens, the leakage of dangerous chemicals carrying on the ship will cause the huge damage to the main water area. In the infancy of the chemical risk assessment in China, it is necessary to develop the chemical risk assessment system for preventing the risk scientifically.On the basis of understanding the related literature of domestic and foreign chemical risk assessment, the further study of 《The Guidelines for Hazard Identification of New Chemical Substances》 and 《The Guidelines for Risk Assessment of Chemicals)) that has not yet been released, is carried out in this paper. Considering in the actual carrying capacity of Shanghai Port bulk liquid hazardous chemicals and the simulation results of accident affectting scope, the system for risk assessment of bulk liquid hazardous chemicals in water environment is estblished by using the normalization method and Max-Min statistical methods,by which the focus list of bulk liquid hazardous chemicals can be screened for government departments.The conclusions as following:1)Study in the identification of physical hazard,health hazard and environmental hazard has been carried out for the73bulk liquid hazardous chemicals in Shanghai Port, then the hazard rating value are obtained. Through the qualitative health exposure assessment and qualitative environmental exposure assessment, we get the exposure scores.2)Combinating the simulation results of accident affectting scope and the physical, health and environmental risk assessment scores of the bulk liquid hazardous chemicals in Shanghai Port, we established a comprehensive risk assessment method. Based on the assessment for73bulk liquid hazardous chemicals in Shanghai Port by the method, the focus list including21liquid hazardous chemicals is drawn out. What’s more,the emergency rescuing method for significant waterway transportation hazards is proposed.