Assessment Of Water Quality Trends In Fuqing, Shacheng And Zhaoan Bays (2007-2012)

The ocean offers us the essential elements of life, it supplies majority of the oxygen we take in, it offers the water we drink and overall it has a vital role in the water cycle. Declining water quality has become a global issue of concern as human populations grow, industrial and agricultural activities expand and climate change threatens to cause major alterations to the hydrological cycle. Inefficient water use, lack and improper implication of water management are the driving force for the deterioration of water quality. Water issues are complex and diverse, and are deserving of urgent global attention and action. This study focuses on water quality trends of Fuqing Bay, Shacheng Bay and Zhaoan Bay and water quality standard is explained. Preservation and protection of marine environment is discussed.The water quality monitoring was conducted from May2007to November2012covering nutrients, oil and heavy metals. The parameters are Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Soluble Reactive Phosphorus (SRP), Nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), Nitrate nitrogen(NO3-N), Ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), Oil, Copper(Cu), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg) and Arsenic (As).The water quality assessment revealed the Bays have different levels of pollution and trends. Fuqing Bay and Shacheng Bay showed high concentration levels of nutrients (NO3-N and SRP) due to vast aquaculture farm being carried out, cultivation performed in the surrounding areas and sewage disposal of industries. Zhaoan Bay showed high levels of SRP concentration. Cu, Pb, Hg, Zn of Class II was found in all the Bays. The Mann Kendall test of SRP and NO3-N Conc. of Shacheng Bay and NO3-N Conc. of Fuqing Bay showed no trend but SRP Conc. Of Fuqing and Zhaoan Bays showed an increasing trend. But generally the water quality of the Bays is grouped in to class â…¡ which is good water quality according the China Sea water quality standard. Priority is given in preventing the release of pollutants in to the marine environment by the Government of China. Checking the land based sources of pollution, enhancing the monitoring, surveillance and control of the main pollutant emission outlets is the measures taken to protect the marine environment and preserve the water bodies in good Situation.