| Environmental protection has always been a hot topic of concern in today’ssociety. As a developing country, whether we can combine economic developmentwith environmental protection directly relates to our sustainable development strategycan be carry into effect or not. In recent years, heavy metal pollution has been aserious pollution occured frequently around the world.Pb pollution is a heavy metal pollution, once it gets into body, it’s will cause arange of diseases and it will be difficult to exclude. The phenomenon of Pb pollutionis widespread in our country, different regions have different levels of Pb pollution,Pb pollution has spread into the environment of atmospheric, water, soil and so on.Water is an important element of human development environment, we have to payhigh attention to it.At present, the method of heavy metal wastewater treatment can be roughlydivided into three categories:(1) chemical treatment (2) physical treatment (3)biological treatment. Once water is polluted by Pb, we usually deal with it through theway of neutralizing, but this method is easily leading to a secondary pollution for soil.Besides that, this way also has the disadvantage that it’s used materials cannot bereused, resulting a waste of resource. In this paper, we use a method of biologicalnanocomposites to the removal of Pb ions. The experimental results show that theremoval rate can be more than90percent, after being treated by this way, theconcentration of Pb ions in water can be up to the standard of heavy metal ionemission.The studies belong to the field of water purification, specifically it related to astudy on a composite material which can efficiently remove the heavy metal in water.This material is a biological nanocomposites which is use fungus as continuous phase matrix and nonmaterial material as dispersion phase, by some means make thecontinuous phase and the dispersed organic composite, get a a biologicalnanocomposites that can overcome their drawbacks and unite their advantages, finallyget the point of removaling the heavy metal in water with the means of high efficiency,low cost, recyclable and no secondary pollution. The main contents are as follows:1. Using FeCl3, FeSO47H2O, NaOH and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as raw material,synthesizing Fe3O4nanoparticles by co-precipitation method. The structural characteristicsand morphology of the final products were examined by XRD,SEM, TEM andHRTEM. Studying Fe3O4crystalline form by changing the temperature. Through changes in theconcentration of Pb ions in aqueous solution before and after the test to study the Fe3O4nanoparticles removal capacity of heavy metal ions in water, we get the conclusion that Fe3O4nanoparticles has the good ability to remove the Pb ions in water.2. Using Fe3O4nanoparticles as discrete phase material and aspergillus niger cell as acontinuous phase matrix, synthesizing Fe3O4nanoparticles/aspergillus niger cell compositematerial by means of blending in the environment of waterThrough. SEM and TEM test wecan know that Fe3O4nanoparticles distributed relatively evenly on the surface of aspergillusniger cell.3. Compare with aspergillus niger bacteria and Fe3O4nanoparticles from threeaspects, the Pb ions removal rate of Fe3O4nanoparticles/aspergillus niger cellcomposite materials reaches more than90%.The innovation of this paper is using Fe3O4nanoparticles as magnetic core, aftercompositing with aspergillus niger bacteria, we get magnetic composites. We can usemagnet to suck out the composites from waste water, achieving the goal of separatingthe composites from the mother liquor. Through this way, we solve the problem thatthe composites can’t be reused, make the composites not only have the ability toremove the heavy metal ions in water, but also can be reused. |
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