Effect Of Perilla Straw On The Biological Characteristics And Nutritional Qualities Of Oyster Mushroom

Perilla （Perilla frutescens） straw （PS） which the cellulose and hemicellulose content isup to62.7%is not only nutritious but also has a plurality of active ingredients, however, mostof them is burned in the fields, which causes great waste of resources and even pollutes theenvironment. In this study, oyster mushroom （Pleurotus ostreatus） was cultivated by complexbagging substrate including perilla straw and cottonseed hulls （CSH）, mushroom yields,physical indicators, nutritional qualities and extract antioxidant activities of differenttreatments were determined. The optimal combination of perilla straw to cottonseed hulls formushroom cultivation was screened and the potential of perilla straw as an alternativesubstrate for oyster mushroom cultivation was comprehensively evaluated. This maybeprovide theoretical basis and technical reference for the comprehensive development andutilization of perilla stalks resources. The main results were obtained as follows:1. The increasing ratio of PS in the mixtures significantly improved the mycelial growthrate, the total yield and BE of the mushroom, shortened the time for complete substratecolonization and the time for inoculation to harvest. The highest growth rate of the mushroomwas obtained from PS75with a mycelial growth rate of3.945mm/d, time for completesubstrate colonization of26.3d and time for inoculation to harvest of34.7d. The highest BEvalue of96.167%was obtained from the PS50group. Adding perilla straw in substratespromoted the pileus thickness, average weight and average volume of fruitbody. Themushroom cultivated with PS75treatment had the highest pileus thickness, average weightper fruitbody and average volume per fruitbody.2. Suitable ratio of PS to CSH in substrates can significantly improve the nutritionalqualities of mushroom. The content of moisture, crude fiber, total sugar and Vc for PS50were the highest among all treatments, which were94.208%、23.628%、40.299%、2.337 mg·100g^-1respectively. Perilla straw promoted significantly the content of amino acids inmushroom fruitbody but no obvious effect was found for its compositiond. Both the order ofthe total amino acids contents and total essential amino acids contents were obtained fromPS100. The combined PS in CSH substrate significantly improved the calciumcontent anddecreased the cadmium content in the mushroom, PS75had the highest the calcium contentand the lowest cadmium content among five treatments.4. The addition of PS to the substrate significantly improved the antioxidant activities ofthe P. ostreatus extracts. PS100group has the highest scavenging activities of the P. ostreatusextract against DPPH, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radicals. The IC50values of the DPPH,superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals were0.735g/L、0.378g/L and0.026g/L respectively.5. Comprehensive evaluating of16traits of the mushroom cultivated on5substrates wasconducted by grey evaluation analysis method. The result showed that the addition of PS tothe substrate significantly improved the integrated traits. PS75with the highestcomprehensive evaluation score can be used as an ideal recipe to cultivate oyster mushroom.