Analysis Of Nutritional Components And Antioxidant Activities Of Fruit Bodies Of Three Edible Mushrooms

The asparagus old stem is the agricultural waste formed by the asparagus after the harvest season.Most of it is naturally corrupted or burned,which causes great waste of resources and seriously pollutes the environment.Therefore,how to rationally use the agricultural waste of asparagus old stems is an urgent problem to be solved.In the early stage,the research team successfully cultivated three kinds of edible mushrooms,such as Pleurotus abalonus,Agaricus subrufescens and Pleurotus geesteranus,using the asparagus old stem as the main raw material.In this paper,the fruit bodies of these three edible mushrooms were studied,and the main nutrients and antioxidant capacity of the fruit bodies were analyzed.This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the scientific utilization of asparagus old stems and develops a new cultivation materials for edible mushrooms,but also provides a new scheme for the development of rural ecological recycling economy,in line with the development trend of modern agriculture.Firstly,this paper analyzed the nutrient compositions of the dry powders of Pleurotus abalonus,Agaricus subrufescens and Pleurotus geesteranus using the national standard method,and determined the contents of crude protein,crude fat,total sugar,polysaccharides,crude fiber,water and ash respectively.Then studied the antioxidant activity in vitro of three edible mushrooms,and the DPPH free radical scavenging ability,reducing power,ferrous ion chelation ability and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability were analyzed.Finally,through animal experiments,respectively,total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),superoxide dismutase capacity(SOD),glutathione peroxidase activity(GSH-Px)and malondialdehyde content(MDA)were measured in the fruit bodies of these three edible mushrooms.The following results and conclusions were obtained:(1)The crude protein content of Pleurotus abalonus,Agaricus subrufescens and Pleurotus geesteranus fruit bodies,accounted for 22.25%,42.15% and 33.40%,respectively;the crude fat content accounted for 3.88%,1.61% and 2.34% of the fruit body dry weight;the total sugar content accounted for 6.92%?9.18% and 5.08% of the dry weight of the fruit bodies,respectively;the polysaccharides content accounted for 5.33%?8.98% and 4.31% of the dry weight of the fruit bodies respectively;the crude fiber content accounted for 32.92%,20.47% and 42.10% of the dry weight of the fruit bodies,respectively.;moisture content accounted for 9.99%,3.41% and 10.33% of the dry weight of the fruit bodies;the ash content of the dry weight of the fruit bodies was 6.20%,5.18% and 7.08%,respectively.Among them,the protein content of Agaricus subrufescens was as high as 42.2%,which is 1.41 times of the protein content of Agaricus subrufescens cultivated with corn stalk cultivation material;the total sugar content of Pleurotus abalonus was rich,and the crude fiber content was the most;the ash content of Pleurotus geesteranus was the most,accounting for the dry weight of the entity was 7.08%.(2)Experimental results of Pleurotus abalonus,Agaricus subrufescens and Pleurotus geesteranus fruit bodies of antioxidant activity in vitro showed: the reducing power(OD value 0.611)and ferrous ion chelation ability of Pleurotus abalonus(74.14%)were the strongest among the three,and Agaricus subrufescens was the weakest of these two indicators.But Agaricus subrufescens has outstanding performance in DPPH free radical scavenging ability and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability,and the clearance rates are 91.02% and 73.07%,respectively.Pleurotus geesteranus had good results in the determination of four indicators of antioxidant activity in vitro.The reducing power and ferrous ion chelation ability were second only to Pleurotus abalonus,but there was no obvious difference.The DPPH free radical scavenging ability and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability were the strongest among the three,and the scavenging rates were 92.02% and 81.11%,respectively.(3)Experimental results of Pleurotus abalonus,Agaricus subrufescens and Pleurotus geesteranus fruit bodies of antioxidant activity in vivo showed: three kinds of edible mushrooms could increase the activity of T-AOC,SOD and GSH-Px in serum and liver of mice,and reduce the MDA content in serum and liver.It had different effects of different doses of sample treatment solution on serum and liver of mice,the medium dose group of Agaricus subrufescens had the best effect on serum of mice,which could increase serum T-AOC by 25% and serum SOD by 31%.At the same time,serum GSH-Px activity increased by 59%.The high dose group of Agaricus subrufescens had the best effect on the liver of mice,which could increase the liver T-AOC by 33%,the liver SOD activity by 6%,the liver GSH-Px activity by 80%,and the liver MDA content by 24%.