Thc Evaluation And Temporal-spatial Characteristic Of Ecological Security In Lake Area, A Urban-rural Integration Area

Since the reform and opening, the urban-rural integration in Kunming hasdeveloped rapidly and the urban area has expanded outwards in a large scale causing aseries of ecological environmental problems, which did a great impact on ecologicalsecurity. Based on the GIS technology the author took a study on the regional ecologicalsecurity condition, the temporal-spatial pattern and the dynamic evolution processduring Kunming’s urban-rural integration, in order to build an ecological civilizationand promote a coordinated development of ecology economy.Dianchi lake area with fast process of urban-rural integration and highlightedecological environment problems was selected as the study area. Firstly, the author did acomprehensive analysis of major ecological problems existed in the study area presently;secondly, based on the pressure-state-response conceptual model, the evaluation indexsystem of ecological security was built; secondly, the author gave a spatial overlayanalysis of the comprehensive evaluation indexes in order to obtain the spatial data ofecological security indexes of Dianchi Lake in the year1989,2000,2010and thenanalyzed the ecological security situation from three different scales that are gird units,landscape units and administrative units; lastly, this thesis analyzed the temporal andspatial distribution characters and the dynamic evolution process of ecological securitythrough the related analysis of ESDA. Some conclusions were drawn as follows:1) In1989,2000,2010, ecological security was in a critical security status, andecological security indexes showed a decreasing trend. Ecological security level waslower in the plains that urban-rural integration processed faster. Ecological securitystatus was relatively good in mountainous and semi-mountainous areas with a certaindistance away from the city center. Ecological security index in woodland landscape,water landscape was greater than the average of ecological security indexes. Ecologicalsecurity situation in cultivated land, grassland and artificial landscape construction landwith larger human disturbance was worse. Moreover, Xishan District and JinningCounty have a higher level of ecological safety, while the level of ecological security in Wuhua, Guandu District and Chenggong County was lower. It developed faster in themain city (New Town) than in suburban districts and counties (Jinning County),therefore, the ecological security level gradually increased from the main city tosuburban districts and counties.2) Spatial autocorrelation existed under three scales (Ⅰ1000m×1000m, Ⅱ1500m×1500m, Ⅲ2000m×2000m) of regional ecological security in all thethree periods. But spatial autocorrelation reduced along with the increase of researchscales and space distance.3) In1989,2000,2010, study area with a similar ecological security tended to havean aggregated distribution which was enhanced as time increased. The hot-spot areaswere mainly distributed in mountainous and semi-mountainous areas where the humandisturbance was lower. Cold-spot areas were mainly distributed in the Kunming’s maincity zone and the planting areas around Dianchi.4) During the two periods of1989to2000and2000to2010, areas where theecological security changed in a similar way showed obvious spatial cluster pattern, andit was also enhanced considerably over time. The main space structure of ecologicalsecurity in Dian Lake was high-high type and the diffusion effect of this kind of areagradually increased over time.