Models And Algorithms Of Tax And Fare In Urban Transportation Networks

With the high development of urban transportation, the behaviors of road users lead to waste of resources, exhaust pollution, road congestion in urban transportation networks. Economic means is used to manage transportation demand energy consumption. The paper evaluates the implementation effect of these taxes in multi-modal transportation network of cars and buses.Firstly, we consider the choice of users’ways to travel in the static traffic networks when fuel tax and travel tax are imposed tariff. An equivalent of multi-user, multi-criteria equilibrium variational inequality (VI) model and a heuristic solution algorithm to solve the proposed model is developed, and which are both validated by a numerical example.Then, the travel behavior and the choice of users’ ways to travel in the dynamic network when congestion charge is imposed tariff. The paper presents a bilevel model and a descent-gradient-based solution is adapted to solve the model, which is validated by a numerical example. The upper level of the model aims to maximize the traffic capacity, whereas the lower level is a dynamic network equilibrium problem with elastic demand. According to the research we can come to a conclusion that rational tax and fare can be energy-saving and emission reduction, and take bus in the first place, and relieve road congestion.