Passenger Moving Characteristic Analysis-based Emergency Evacuation Simulation In Metro Station

Metro system has been one of the most important modes of transportation to release traffic pressure and relieve congestion. With increasing ridership, urban metro is characterized by high crowd density and severe jam by which heavy loss in life and property could be done once accidents happen. However, evacuation of metro station is a complicated issue with numerous factors to be considered comprehensively. Based on passenger moving characteristic and its analysis, this paper synthetically considered facilities in evacuation, evaluated evacuation capacity of metro station and identified bottlenecks. The main research comprises the following parts:(1) To understand train operation and passenger organization of metro station in case of emergency, this paper study the capacity and default demand of facility in metro station and clarify the standard of evacuation time in the priority of design indicators and code of metro station evacuation facility.(2) Research on passenger moving characteristics in metro station. This paper firstly studied on passenger temporal and spatial distribution in metro station in an opinion of passenger’s gather and evanishment, in which the main factors for evacuation efficiency, including physiological and psychological factors, distance, facilities and circumstance, were discussed. Then it turned to the research on crowd behavior rule. Finally passenger moving characteristics on facilities as key for parameter settlement were thoroughly considered.(3)Taking Beijing metro stations as research object, analysis of video and existing researches was used to analyze passenger moving characteristics in Beijing metro stations assisted with field research, which primarily referred to rates of different passenger types, analysis on passenger moving speed in metro station, analysis on passenger moving speed-density in passage and analysis on passenger moving speed-density on escalator.(4) The general process of simulation modeling for emergency evacuation was introduced briefly.9scenarios were established to analyze the influence of facility conditions and passenger evacuation states efficiency in the case of Xizhimen station of Beijing metro. Results of this simulation were exploited to inquire pedestrian moving speed-density in passage and the evolvement of pedestrian speed-density relation under different states. Besides, bottlenecks of Xizhimen station were identified and the overall evacuation capacity of this station was properly assessed.