The Research On Ecological Design Of High-rise Office Building In The Moderate Climate Area

Due to the special climate conditions,ecological and energy-efficient design of the bulding has not been respected and made strict rules in the relevant national standards in moderate area for a long time,especially the office buildings.But with the rapid development of economy, the emergence of office buildings and improvement of healthy and comfortable environment of people,ecological architecture design has shifted from merely energy-saving consumption reduction to a focus on the interaction of "architecture, environment and people", and that office buildings are closely related to people’s lives the same as residences, so gradually getting attention. This paper aims to determine a series of appropriate ecological design methods of the high-rise office building in moderate climate zones through analysing the climate and environment of this area.From the analysis of the climate data of moderate area, with kunming as the main research object, it summarizes climate data elements that need to be collected at the early stage of the ecological design, including monthly maximum temperature, monthly minimum temperature, temperature fluctuation; monthly average relative humidity, psychrometric chart; the national solar radiation and solar energy distribution chart, latitude and longitude of the area, the change of Solar elevation angle and Solar azimuth angle with the seasons, sunrise,sunset time and sunshine duration; the climate types, natural landscape features; national wind energy distribution chart, the wind-rose diagram,the wind direction,wind speed and wind frequency diagram; the average annual rainfall, the average monthly rainfall, the national groundwater reserves chart and other relevant datas of the site etc.Then using the sustainable design and climate Analysis software Autodesk Analysis Ecotect2011to simulate and analyse these datas,summing up main ecological design strategies of high-rise office buildings for moderate climate area.The study showed that moderate climate areas that represented by Yunnan province in China is located in a low-latitude and high-elevation area, the annual range of temperature is small but the daily temperature range is great.The climate is relatively comfortable except winter which temperature is a little lower. it is considered to set attached sunspace and double-skin facades for heating and heat preservation in the office building.In other seasons,because of the strong solar radiation,the temperature is a little higher in the afternoon but lower in the morning and evening, it is suitable for using a variety of sunshade measures to reduce the effects of solar radiation under the condition of getting enough sunlight to satisfy the premise of natural lighting, at the same time, through the good ventilation design, introducing natural wind to create comfortable indoor environment. In addition, solar energy resources is rich in high altitude area,actively advocating the use of renewable energy sources in a variety of forms and ways such as solar energy can show more broad prospects of ecological architecture design.Usually,office buildings have a large power consumption,it is considered to adopt active solar photovoltaic technology, converting solar energy into electrical energy for construction use. At the same time, the office staffs of the high-rise building are "overhead" on the ground and can not get the exercise space conveniently,so to use all sorts of negative space of the building to design green gardens and platforms, they can bring oxygen-enriched environment and encourage people to contact with nature; the use of green also includes that using vertical greening metope to cool building surface,etc. For office buildings, indoor light environment is another important aspect should be considered,choosing the right glass and setting the reflectors in combination with the design of the double skin facade, it will bring comfortable natural light environment for staffs.