Researth On Behaviors And Strategies Of Pedestrian Flow Through Bottleneck Based On Social Force Model

In recent years, lots of social problems have been brought by rapidly expanding city scale and frequent social activities of people, among which the jam of pedestrian flow has gradually attracted much attention. Pedestrian jam at narrow passages will cause a number of serious accidents, resulting huge losses of life and property. Thus, to conduct research on behavior characteristics of pedestrian flow and develop an effective evacuation strategy have an important and practical significance. Considering advantages of social force model simulating detailed behaviors of pedestrians, this paper will simulate the evacuation phenomenon based on social force model working on typical cases which pedestrians pass through bottleneck.Three main parts will be discussed focusing on above problems in my paper:Part I, this paper will summarize basic characteristics of the pedestrian flow, including individual features and behavior features. Moreover, more details will be introduced about behavior patterns, formulas and simulation processes of the social-force model.Part Ⅱ, regarding to the present problems of the social-force model, we will correct the desired speed and instantaneous speed in the model respectively by methods of Daniel R. Parisi and A. Seyfried, as well as verify the feasibility of correction model through comparison of experimental data between Kretz and A. Seyfried.Part Ⅲ, we will conduct a series of research on pedestrians evacuation under different scenarios through the social force model. Firstly, study the impact of one obstacle for the set position to the time of crowd dispersal. The result shows that the circular obstacle, under certain circumstances, can effectively improve the evacuation efficiency of pedestrians, but in some cases it may even block parts of pedestrians’ sight so that the overall evacuation time will increase. Secondly, study the impact of fence organization mentioned in my paper to the time of crow dispersal. The result shows that the fence organization could availably improve the evacuation efficiency of pedestrians in a normal or panic state. Thirdly, simulate the phenomenon of bi-directional pedestrian flow passing through the narrow passages and observe the effect of wall width to evacuation, finding that the narrower the exits of narrow passages are, the more volatile the pedestrian evacuation time caused by the wall width of will be. All of this has the important reference value for improving abilities of evacuation facilities.