Study On The Congested Evacuation Of Pedestrian Flow Based On Simulation

With the rapid growth of urban city scale,the phenomenon of rapid gathering of pedestrian flow can easily occur in large walking facilities such as subway stations during the early or late peak,business centers and stadiums.The consequent pedestrian flow stamped accidents are more and more frequent,which seriously threaten the personal safety of the residents and cause bad social impact.Meanwhile,with the growing maturity of computer simulation technology,the simulation model studying the micro and macro characteristics of pedestrian flow is developing rapidly,which can effectively simulate the characteristics of crowded evacuation.Because of the high risk of stamped accidents,computer simulation technology can be used to obtain transfer and accumulation process of the push force in the crowded evacuation and study the internal mechanism of pedestrian congestion accidents.Through the analysis of pedestrian congestion accidents,some reasonable congestion prevention measures would be proposed to guide the layout of obstacles in large facilities,improve the evacuation efficiency and reduce the possibility of congestion accidents.After introducing the related theories and simulation models of pedestrian flow,the pedestrian push force model would be built based on social force model.Subsequently,the model is combined with the dynamic parameter model to establish a pedestrian crowded evacuation model based on cellular automata.The main tasks are as follows:Firstly,a simulation model of pedestrian push force model has been built on the basis of the social force model.The decomposition,transfer,absorption and re transfer of the push force in crowded evacuation have been analyzed.The panic coefficient and random serial rules would be introduced to simulate the absorption process of the push force.Taking the pedestrian arch before the exit as the research object,the transfer and accumulation process of push force during pedestrian evacuation would be analyzed and the influence of the related factors on the panic coefficient would be studied.Secondly,combined with the dynamic parameter model and the push force model,a pedestrian crowded evacuation model based on cellular automata has been established.The dynamic parameter ignores the interaction between pedestrians during the crowded evacuation,and the push force model reflects the effects of the push force.The mobile probability selection model would be introduced to determine the pedestrian movement selection by the dynamic parameters and the push force.Through the simulation of the evacuation space in the obstacle free,the influence of different factors on the evacuation time and the panic coefficient would be analyzed.The accumulation process of the push force would be explored to put forward suggestions to protect pedestrians from crowded evacuation.Finally,the optimal layout of obstacles has been simulated by the pedestrian crowded evacuation model.Some relevant solutions would be put forward to cut off the transfer of the push force by using obstacles after the transfer and accumulation process has been analyzed.By using the pedestrian crowded evacuation model,the layout of obstacles with the highest evacuation efficiency and the minimum possibility of congestion accidents would be found from the different solutions,which can guide the layout of obstacles in large facilities.Due to causes of the congestion accidents,different preventive measures would be put forward from different angles based on the simulation results.