Extraction And Analysis Of Microscopic Pedestrian Characteristics Based On Digital Image Processing

The study of pedestrian evacuation modeling and experiment are of great importance to evacution in emergency circumstances and architectural design. But due to the difficulty of carrying out experiments the study of pedestrian evacuation experiment are relatively lack compared to that of pedestrian evacuation modeling. Besides, the extraction of basic parameters during the experiments is also very important. We design pointed evacuation experiments based on previous studies, including single-file movement in line and two-dimensional circular movement. In order to get the precise parameters we used two different extraction mehtods here in our study.The single-file movement result shows that the average velocity fluctuates when the number of pedestrians involved changes, especially in low-density situation. The amplitude of pedestrian increases with the reduce of velocity and it will show a sharp rise trend when the density is reduced to a certain degree, presenting a two-stage linear relation. The density rises with the increasing number of pedestrians in scene, the distribution range of velocity also decreases as well as the distance between two pedestrians. The distance between two adjacent pedestrians could reach4meters thus the pedestrians walk freely. The interval and velocity shows a exponential distribution.In two-dimensional experiment we define the spatial-headway between pedesrians and complie the distributions. The lane-formation of pedestrians has involvement with body type, gender and scene design. Spontaneous formation occurred during the experiment which avoids conflict and raises walking efficiency. Pedestrians tend to follow the one before them in crowded situation. Different methods for velocity and density allow us to see how they change in time and space.The conclusion of this study is of great reference value to the design and data extraction of pedestrian evacuation experiment as well as the validation and improvement of modeling. Meanwhile it has a certain guiding significance for the assessment and design of specific evacuation scene.