The Life History Research Of Four New Species Of Grateloupia,(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta), From China

We studied the development process of the life history of G. dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao, sp. nov., G. yinggehaiensis, G. huanghaiensis, G. ramose through Laboratory cultivation, and found it included the germination of the capospores, the growth of crusts and the growth process of erect thalli, the formation of tetrasporangia、the germination of the tetrasporangia,the formation of gametophyte、the formation of cystocarps after carpospore fertilization. At the same time, the different light and different temperature made effects on of the different stages of life history. This study not only make us know the characteristic of this four Grateloupia.environment and the development process, but also know the different growth factors make effects on the different stages of life history. This study provided the important theoretical evidence for germplasm preservation and artificial culture.According to our observation, we found that the development process among G. dalianensis, G. yinggehaiensis, G. ramose, G. yangjiangensis were similar, they all consist of the early division stage. The formation stage of crusts and erect thalli. However, G. huanghaiensis formed filamentous frond before the formation stage of crusts, and appear binary even trigeminal branches in the medium or end of the propagule. Moreover, the Basic cell of G. dalianensis, G. yinggehaiensis, G. ramose and G. yinggehaiensis splited in situ and formed crusts subsequently, G. huanghaiensis formed filamentous frond subsequently. This is a new phenomenon in the development process of the capospores of Grateloupia.The study results showed that the style of life history of four Grateloupia are similar, they are cmpose of three-phase generation,it contains the same gametophyte、tetrasporangia and carposporophyte.The different light and different temperature made prominent effects on the early growth conditions, the results as follows:(1) When the light intensity was appropriate, Temperature20℃were the best for the crusts, erect thalli and filamentous frond, temperature15℃made them grown slowly, temperature10℃or below10℃made them stop to grow.(2)In the18to25℃conditions, Low light condition is more suitable for the crusts and erect thalli growth, strong light destroied the formation of pigment and suppressed the growth of thalli; (3) In the18to25℃conditions, high light intensity make filamentous frond can’t form, But low light can form filamentous frond and the f the number of cells which composed of filamentous frond are more than ten, the diameter of crusts also grow quickly.