Inhibitory Effects Of Garlic And Tobacco Waste On Pathogens As Fusarium Oxysporumf SP.Tracheiphilum And Aphids And So On

Garlic is rich in vitamin C, protein, fat, carbohydrates and other nutrients as well as30kinds of volatile sulfur compounds. Garlic extract can inhibit a variety of harmful microorganisms, the main active substance allicin has antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer and other biological activity Large acreage of garlic is planted in our country, but with less intensive processing.Therefore, a large amount of by-products is produced after garlic oil extracting, which is a waste of resources and cause environmental problem.Tobacco revenue occupys an important position in China’s agricultural products. As is known to all, toxic compounds nicotine is contained in tobacco.Besides, a large amount of tobacco secondary waste is produced in our country, so the environmental pollution caused by improper handling should not be ignored. Tobacco waste contains nicotine, solanesol and other useful chemicals which have great value for development.In this study, experiment of inhibitory effect of garlic and tobacco extracts on crop disease and pest was carried out in order to discuss the prevention and cure effect of garlic and tobacco waste.The inhibitory effect of garlic and tobacco extracts on such four kinds of plant pathogens as Fusarium oxysporum f sp.tracheiphilum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary, Pseudomonas.syringae pv.glycinea and Xanthomonas oryzae pvoryzae (Ishiyama) Dye,Xoo was determined in inhibitory research part The results showed that garlic extracts had different degrees of inhibition effect on the three plant pathogens except Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary, and with the extract concentration increased, the inhibitory effect wais more obvious:when the concentration of100mg/ml Fusarium oxysporum f sp.tracheiphilum and Pseudomonas.syringae pv.glycinea were inhibited, when the concentration of300mg/ml Xanthomonas oryzae pvoryzae (Ishiyama) Dye,Xoo was inhibited. Concentration of500mg/ml,the inhibitory effect on the three pathogens was best. Mycelial growth rate determination method was used to make the determination of garlic extract antibacterial activity.The results showed that:garlic extract concentration of20 mg/ml, Fusarium oxysporum f sp.tracheiphilum was inhibited greatly, the concentration of100mg/ml, completely inhibited; when garlic extract concentration of10mg/ml, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary was inhibited, the concentration of only30mg/ml, completely inhibited.Tobacco extracts nearly have no inhibitory effect on the tested four kinds of microorganisms. Therefore, the following study of extract inhibitory effect was only for garlic.extract.In order to determine the reasonable amount of garlic extracts for inhibiting pathogens in the premise of not harming crops, the tests of inhibitory effect of garlic extracts and garlic slag on soil-spread pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum f sp.tracheiphilum, was carried out in the environmental soil and the inhibitory effect was determined in this test.Paper disc method was for the determination of garlic extract antibacterial activity. The results showed that garlic extracts had inhibitory effect on Fusarium oxysporum f sp.tracheiphilum, and the soil with garlic extract0.05ml/g or garlic slag5%or garlic fertilizer25%was also effective.In the study of inhibitory effect of crop pests, toxicity test of both garlic and tobacco extracts was carried out. The results showed that the tested tobacco extracts was of great toxicity. When garlic extracts concentration of500mg/ml, the inhibitory effect was apprent and the death rate was66.01%. When tobacco extracts of0.8mg/ml, the inhibitory effect was very good, and when concentration of20mg/ml, all of the tested aphids were killed completely.The antibacterial component of garlic’s persistence and fixed test was carried out as the active ingredient allicin and other garlic ingredient were unstable The results of fixed test of garlic extracts, garlic slag and crushed garlic showed that the inhibitory effect of fixed with biomass carbon was stronger than that without biomass carbon in the late cultivation period(3rd d or4th d) for biomass carbon can adsorp the antibacterial component of garlic extracts.Besides,garlic extracts with low pH was more effective.