Effects Of Different Tillage And Fertilization Treatments On Microbes And Humus Of Wheat Field Soil In Mid Henan

With Zhoumai22as experimental material, the effects of ploughing and fertilization measures on theimprovement of soil fertility levels were studied in Shizhuang village, Xuchang city, middle HenanProvince. The bulk density, microorganisms and the humus were measured to investigate the effect ofdifferent tillage and fertilizer application pattern on soil moisture. The main experimental results were asfollows:1. In0-5cm soil layer, in booting, flowering and maturity stages, soil moisture content with organicfertilizer tillage, deep ploughing fertilizer treatments increase rapidly than that in shallow ploughingtreatment. In booting, flowering and maturity stage, the soil moisture content with organic fertilizer tillagetreatment was increased23.92%,30.10%and57.77%respectively. It was increased23.99%and46.52%,20.31%with deep ploughing fertilizer treatments. In20-40cm soil layer, the soil moisture content withorganic fertilizer treatment and deep ploughing treatment increased33.05%、67.73%and48.70%than thatin shallow ploughing treatment in booting stage. In maturity stage, the soil moisture content with shallowploughing treatment was the highest.2. In the early and mid-term of the growing stages, soil bulk density with deep ploughing organicfertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments. In5-20cm soil layer, the bulkdensity with shallow ploughing organic fertilizer treatment had the largest rate of growth,220%, the bulkdensity with deep ploughing treatment was the slowest growth,12.70%.3. Bacterial quantity with deep ploughing no organic fertilizer was the highest. The quantity of soilfungi improved markedly with organic fertilizer treatment in surface and sub layer soil. In all profiles, theactinomyces quantity with shallow ploughing treatment was the lowest. In20-40cm soil layer, actinomycesquantity with deep ploughing organic fertilizer was the highest.4. The humic acid content was decreased with soil depth. Along with the growth period, the content ofthe humic acid decreased first, and then increased. In0-5cm soil layer, in over-winter stage, flowering andstanding stage, the humic content with shallow ploughing organic fertilizer treatment and deep ploughingorganic fertilizer treatment were higher than that in shallow ploughing treatment and deep ploughingtreatment. In mature stage, the humic content with shallow ploughing treatment and deep ploughing treatment were higher than that in shallow ploughing organic fertilizer treatment and deep ploughingorganic fertilizer treatment. There was no significant difference in soil fulvic acid content in the top layer.During the maturity stage, fulvic acid content with shallow ploughing organic fertilizer treatment and deepploughing organic fertilizer treatment was obviously higher than that without organic fertilizer treatment. In0-5cm soil layer, fulvic acid content with deep ploughing treatment was significantly higher than that withshallow ploughing treatment. In20-40cm soil layer, fulvic acid content with shallow ploughing treatmentincreased to220%, but it was the smallest with deep ploughing treatment.5. There was significant correlation(r=0.563^**, r=0.939^**)between the content of humic acid and thebacteria quantity, or fungi quantity, actinomycetes quantity and humic acid content was significantlycorrelated（r=0.394^*）. The quantity of bacteria and actinomycetes was significantly related to fulvic acidcontent, fungi quantity was very significantly related to fulvic acid content (r=0.693^**).6. There was a closer relation between fungi quantity and wheat yield. The study indicated that fungiquantity assumed positive relativity with grains per spike（r=0.976^*）, the bacterial content, actinomycetescontent with grains per spike, grain weight, actual yield is not relevant, respectively. It was irrelevantbetween content of humic acid, fulvic acid content and grains per spike,1000-grain weight and actualproduction.7. In four cultivation patterns of ploughing and fertility treatments, the final yield and spike filling ofwheat increased dramatically with deep ploughing no organic fertilizer treatment. The1000-grain weightand grains per spike were the highest in deep ploughing treatment. There was no significant differencebetween the four patterns. Seed spikelet with deep ploughing organic fertilizer treatment was significantlyhigher than that in shallow ploughing organic fertilizer treatment.