Effects Of Different Fertilization On Soil Biochemical Properties And The Yield And Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco

The experiment in this paper is conducted in two years. There are two different modes of cultivation in the2011year of the experiment, and this paper studies the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the producing capacity and quality of flue-cured tobacco, as well as the effect on the chemical and biological properties of the soil of tobacco by the change of the rate of nitrogen fertilizer. In the year of2012experiment, by setting up the control experiment of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, this paper studies the effect of the application of organic fertilizer on the growth and quality and yield of flue-cured tobacco, and the effect on the biochemical properties of the soil of tobacco farmland, to explore the application value of organic fertilizer in tobacco production.1. The growing period of Mode One and Mode Two were the same. Compared to the same period, the leaf area and dry matter accumulation of Mode One were less than that of mode Two. The growing period of T2treatment (applying with organic fertilizer) delayed4-17days, compared with the same period, the dry matter accumulation was less, the agronomic characters were not better than T1, the growth and development was affected to some degree.2. The producing capacity of Mode Two (the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer is8.5kg/acre) was9.85%higher than that of Mode One, which was156.38kg/acre. Mode Two had the beeter economical characters, Mode One was not better than it. From the smoking results and the analysis of various chemical index of quality, the quality of tobacco in Mode One was the best, mode Two was the second. It shows that it can obtain higher producing capacity and better quality of flue-cured tobacco if the nitrogen application rate is6kg/acre. The producing capacity of T2was lower than T1, the gap between them was7.17kg/acre, but the quality of flue-cured tobacco in T2was better than T1. Therefore, in the premise of ensuring the amount of nitrogen, the employment of organic fertilizer can improve the quality of Flue-cured tobacco.3. The pH value of the soil in two modes represented as acidic, the range of changes was4.35～5.57. In the soil of Mode Two, the contents of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus and available potassium were higher than that of Mode One. The pH value of the soil in T1and T2represented as acidic in the total growth period, the range of changes was4.72-5.56. In the whole growth period, the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus and available potassium of the soil in T1was higher than that of T2.4. The enzymic activity of invertase and hydrogen dioxide of Mode One was higher than that of Mode Two, but the enzymic activity of urease and acid phosphatase was lower than that of Model Two. The rank of the parameters of total enzymatic activity was Mode Two, Mode One from high to low. The difference among them was not much, mode two was1.8899higher than mode one. The activity of urease enzymic activity and acid phosphatase activity in T2which applied with organic fertilizer was higher than that of T1, while the enzymic activity of invertase and hydrogen dioxide were lower than that of T1. It shows that the application of organic fertilizer can enhance some kinds of enzyme activity in soil.5. The quantities of bacteria, actinomycetes and nitrifying bacteria of soil in Mode One were larger than that of Mode Two, but the quantities of fungi and amonifying bacteria were lower than that of Mode Two. Shows that the the amount of nitrogen fertilizer have a certain influence on the soil microorganism quantity. The quantity of bacteria, eumyophyta, actinomycetes and nitrifying bacteria of soil in T2was the largest, while T1had the most quantity of ammonifying bacteria. It shows that the application of organic fertilizer can increase the quantity of the microorganism in part in the soil. This paper makes a relevance analysis of the quantity of microorganism, soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient content, which shows that the quantity of soil microbes has a positive correlativity with soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity, and some indicators reach a significant positive correlation level. It shows that these three aspects have a closely relationship with each other in the process of soil nutrient metabolism and a complex mutual restraint and mutual promotion relationship.In conclusion, the Mode One in the year of2011experiment and the T2in the year of2012experiment both are ideal cultivation modes. In the actual production practice, measures should be suited taken to local conditions, according to the condition of the soil fertility in tobacco farmland; take organic and inorganic fertilizer or all organic fertilize to improve the quality of the flue-cured tobacco in guarantee under the premise of flue-cured tobacco production.