Studies On The Lignocellulose Enzyme Activity Of Wood Spongy Of White-rot Fungi And Genetic Variations

Three species of wood spongy white-rot fungi including Coriolus versicolor, Phellinus igniarius and Ganoderma tsugae Murr which were collected from Maoer Mountain were researched in this paper. Hyphae diameter measurement method was used to compare the growth of hyphae on PDA solid medium. Mycelium dry mass weighing method was used to know the change of biomass of three white rot fungi in liquid culture medium. Colorimetric method was used to determine the cellulase enzyme activity of the five kinds of wood white-rot fungus. The genetic variations of these strains were studied by using TRAP to analyse the polymorphism of lignocellulose degradation enzyme genes. The results are as follows:1. The growth rate of the three kinds of white rot fungi on PDA mediumGrowth rate of the three kinds of white-rot fungi was Coriolus versicolor> Phellinus igniarius> Ganoderma tsugae Murr under different temperatures (23℃and28℃). The fastest growth was Coriolus versicolor, Phellinus igniarius followed, and Ganoderma tsugae Murr was the slowest. The growth of Coriolus versicolor and Phellinus igniarius under23℃was faster than28℃incicated the optimum temperature of the two white-rot fungi was28℃. Ganoderma tsugae Murr grew more rapidly and was more sensitive to23℃, this result demonstrated that the optimum temperature of Ganoderma tsugae Murr was23℃.2. The biomass changes of the three kinds of white-rot fungi in liquid mediumThe growth rate of white-rot fungus in liquid medium is proportional to the PDA medium. The biomass comparison was Coriolus versicolor> Phellinus igniarius>Ganoderma tsugae Murr. Coriolus versicolor grew fastest, reached the maximum biomass firstly; Phellinus igniarius followed and the biomass increased gently; Ganoderma tsugae Murr was the slowest, there were12days to reach the maximum value and were28.57%and40%comparing to Coriolus versicolor and Phellinus igniarius during the same period respectively.3. The lignocellulose degradation enzyme activity comparsion of the three kinds of white-rot fungiThe activity of Lac enzyme produced by the three kinds of white-rot fungi was the highest, MnP followed, LiP was the lowest. The LiP enzyme activities of the three white-rot fungi induced by wood powder were all higher than the control (no wood powder), the differences among the three fungi were significant and Coriolus versicolor was the most signicant. Descending order of MnP enzyme activities produced by the three white-rot fungi were Coriolus versicolor, Phellinus igniarius,Ganoderma tsugae Murr. Laccase enzyme activity induced by the wood chip was significant, and increased with the days growing.The activity of endo-β-glucanase enzyme produced by the three white-rot fungi was higher in the case of corn stover treatment than wood chip treatment.The production of exo-(3-glucanase enzyme had the same growth trend during the culture period, that was, corn stover carbon source enzyme activity increased with the growing days, wood chip carbon source enzyme activity was not obvious duing the first two days, and then decreased.4. Gene polymorphism analysis of wood cellulose enzyme by TRAP19pairs of primers which could amplify fine bands in the preliminary screening experiment were selected from64pairs of primers were used for TRAP. Electrophoresis showed a total of353strips,249polymorphism bands, the polymorphism percentage was70.54%, the result revealed that the genetic differences between the three kinds of white-rot fungi were high and easy to cause genetic variation.