| In recent years, China’s direct seeding rape area is increasing year by year. Therefore, improving the germination rate and seedling quality of rapeseed has an extremely important significance for improving seed yield and quality. A growing number of agricaltural wokers apply seed tratement technology to ceop production, in order to improve the stability of emergence rate. Some good resaults have been achieved, but the research about rapeseed is still thin, and the test conditions are not considered extreme soil moisture conditions. This research adopts the germination experiment, pot experiment and other different ways, Yangguang918and Huayouza10as test materials, collecting the seed tratement agent that reported in the literature currently (diveded into organic, inorganic and hormone three categories of30kinds of reagents) for different concentrations and combinations of reagents soaking treatment. And then conduct pot experiment with the soaking seed under different soil moisture conditions, and investigate germination and seedling quality in order to screen out the good seed tratement agents in the corresponding soil moisture condition, to provide related technical parameters for the preparation of rapeseed tratement agent. The results showed that:1. Under the normal conditions, the selected agents in this test, about a third of the chemical could promote the germination of seeds. The highest germination reached to90%after trated by some agent (like30ppm Vc,40ppm Vc,80ppm Spm,200ppmzinc sulfate heptahydrate,200ppm boric acid). About40%higher than that in control. With the increase of the chemical concertration, the germination rate presents three trends, including incresed firstly and then decreased, gradually redused and gradually incresed. Such as trated by Spm (20ppm,40ppm,60ppm,80ppm,100ppm) the germination of rapeseed presents incresed firstly and then decreased. When it is80ppm, the germination reached to93.3%,40%higher than that in control. After trated by ammonium molybdate (200ppm,600ppm,1000ppm,1500ppm,2000ppm) the germination of rapeseed presents gradually redused. When it is200ppm, the germination rate is86.7%,33.4%higher than that in control. But when it reached to1500ppm, the germination is56%, only2.7%higher than that in control. After treated by boric acid(200ppm,250ppm,300ppm,350ppm,400ppm), the overall germination rate is over80%. The germination rate is incresed with the incresing of the concentration. When it is400ppm, the germination is92%,38.7%higher than that in control. In the selected agents, the germination of rapeseed presents incresed firstly and then decreased after trated by20%agents. but the highest point and the corresponding concentrations vary. Investigation results of seedling quality showed that most reagents just promote root or shoot growth, rather than synergistic. Only a few reagents (eg1500ppm borax solution,70ppm lanthanum nitrate solution,4000ppm and5000ppm thiourea solution) can simultaneously promote root and shoot growth. In short, the effect of reagent soaking tratement on the germination and seedling quality is related to both the type and the concentration. Appropriate concentration can promote them, otherwise it will be suppressed. After trated by ammonium sulfate, when the concentration is greater than150ppm, the rapeseed germination is inhibited.Under the normal conditions, the reagants that can significantly improve the rapeseed germination are40ppm Vc,2000ppm potassium dihydrogen phosphate,200ppm zinc sulfate heptahydrate,250ppm and400ppm boric acid.2. Put the rape seed that trated by different reagents into the condition that using PEG-6000(10%) simulated drought and investigate germination. The results showed:The selected reagents in this test the germination rate presents the same three trends as that in the normal condition. After trated by zinc sulfate heptahydrate(200ppm,600ppm,1000ppm,1500ppm,2000ppm), the germination of rapeseed presents gradually redused. When the concentration is1000ppm, the germination reached to86.7%,30.7%higher than that in control. Then with the concentrations continuing to increase, the germination rate decreased gradually. The germination presents incresed gradually with the concentration incresing after trated by Spm, but the germination is still lower than that in control at the highest concentration100ppm. Trated by different concentrations of thiourea, the seed germination rate was higher than that of the control, but the increase amplitude is not obvious. The highest germination rate is66.7%when the concentration is2000ppm,10%higher than that in control. After trated by ammonium molybdate(200ppm,600ppm,1000ppm,1500ppm,2000ppm), when the concentration is lower than1000ppm, the germination is stabled at65%,9%higher than that in control. With the incresing of the concentration, the germination decresed. When the concentration is2000ppm, the germination is30%,26%lower than that in control.The reagents that have obvious effect on seed germination are60ppm Vc and1000ppm zinc sulfate heptahydrate.3. The overall germination rate is relatively low under waterlogging strees. The effect of reagent tratement is slightly different with that in normal and drought conditions. With the increase of the chemical concertration, the germination rate presents two trends, including incresed firstly and then decreased, gradually redused. Afte trated by zinc sulfate heptahydrate(200ppm,600ppm,1000ppm,1500ppm,2000ppm), the germination of rapeseed presents gradually incresed, when the concentration reached to1000ppm, the germination is86.7%, about40%higher than that in control. But with the incresing of the concentration, the germination gradually reduced. After trated by different concentration of hydrogen peroxide(100ppm,300ppm,500ppm,600ppm,1000ppm), the germination of rapeseed presents incresed firstly and then decreased, too. The germination rate is highest,66.7%, when the concentration is300ppm,19.4%higher than that in control. But when the concentration reached to1000ppm, the seed germination rate is only26.7%,20.6%lower than that in control. The germination rate decresed linearly with the increse of the concentration after trated by daminozide(10ppm,20ppm,30ppm,40ppm,50ppm). When the concentration is10ppm, the germination is80%,32.7%higher than that in control. But when the concentration reached to50ppm, the germination is only30%,17.3%lower than that in control. It showed that high concentration can inhibited seed germination.The reagents that can significantly improve seed germination rate of rapeseed are1000ppm potassium permanganate,3000ppm thiourea,1000ppm and1500ppm zinc sulfate heptahydrate.4. The reagents that can improve seed germination rate in both normal condition and droght condition are Vc and zinc sulfate heptahydrate, but the best concentration is different in different conditions. In the normal condition, the best concentration of Vc is40ppm, while60ppm is the best in the droght condition. The best concentration of zinc sulfate heptahydrate is200ppm, while1000ppm is the best in the droght condition. The reagents that can improve seed germination rate in both normal condition and waterlogging strees is zinc sulfate heptahydrate, the best concentration is different in different conditions, ether. The concentration of1000ppm and1500ppm can significantly improve the germination rate under waterlogging strees, and the best is1000ppm. The test showed that, it can improve the germination rate after trated by zinc sulfate heptahydrate under different conditions, but the best concentrations are different.5. The results of the reagants combination soaking germination showed that:Under the normal condition, Dk and Lb can significantly promote root and seedling growth, Dk reached the extremely significant level. But the germination of the two are not high, only40%and33.3%,13.3%and6.6%higher than that in control, no significant difference. The germination rate reached to60%after trated by Fl, significantly higher than the control. However, the seedling height and root length were decreased. It showed that the seedling growth is inhibited, but not form a significant difference with the control. It can significantly improve the root growth after trated by Ca and Cl, but the aerial growth is inhibited. It can significantly improve the seedling height after trated by Ha, Lg and Mf. But the root growth is inhibited. It can significantly reduced the root crown length after trated by Be, Bg, Ca, Fl, Gh, Hh, Id and Mf. The leaf area respectively reached201.0cm2,195.7cm2,223.7cm2,216.3cm2,212.5cm2after trated by Hf, Jg, Na, Oa and Ob, significantly higher than the control, and promote leaf growth. Under the condition of indoor cultivation, the germination of Huayouza10and Yangguang918are99.0%and88.0%,1%and3.7%higher than the control, no significant difference, but it can significantly promote the growth of root and bud. In the artificial climate incubator, the increase amplitude of the seed vigor index after trated by Cc compared with the control, respectively reached to8.2%and27.01%. The germination rate and root length slightly incresed, but no significant difference. |
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