The Biological Characteristics And Cultivation Techniques Of Thalictrum Squarrosum Steph.ex Willd

In this paper, the structural of botany characteristics and pistil and stamen developmentprocess of every vegetative organ in Thalictrum squarrosum Steph.ex Willd are investigated byscanning electron microscope (SEM). Field experiment about artificial seedillg multiplicationtechniques and off season small plastic arched shed cultivation techniques as well as contrasttest were carried out, and effective wild vegetable artificial cultivation techniques wereobtained. The detailed experimental results are presented in the following:1. Thalictrum squarrosum Steph.ex Willd is a kind of perennial herb, which floweringphase is from July to August and fruiting phase is from August to September. In the latter partof October, the underground part begins the state of Winter Dormancy.2. Thalictrum squarrosum Steph.ex Willd has fibrous root system. The annual root onlyperforms primary growth and secondary growth will take place in the second year. Theboundary between endodermis and exodermis is clear. The primary meristem and primaryphloem arrange alternatively and belong to hexarch root. Lateral root grows from the pericycleand is on the opposite of the phloem. After secondary growth, Primary meristem locates at thecenter of pith, and pith ray is as wide as one or two cells. The tissue of resin canal is welldeveloped. The vessel element is in the form of pitted vessel and annular vessel. Simpleperforation plate is formed.3. Epidermic cells of the stem arrange regularly and compactly in a monolayer fashion.The cortex cell next to the epidermis is collenchyma. Vascular bundle arranges in the form oftwo layers concentric circles. Furthermore, the outer layer is larger and the internal layer isrelatively small. There are20-30collateral vascular bundles in one layer and the fibers arerelatively more. Xylem vessel molecules are composed of annular vessel, pitted vessel andscalariform vessel. Stomas distribute on the epidermis of stem.4. There is no stoma, glandular hair or other appendage on the adaxial side of Thalictrumsquarrosum Steph.ex Willd. The morphology of epidermic cells is irregular and there is densewax layer on them. Stomas uniform distribution on the abaxial side. The palisade tissue is onlyone layer one or two layers and the spongy tissue is one or two layers. 5. In the process of flower development, pistil and stamen primordium is enwrapped bysepals. The number of stamen primordial is large, and these stamen primordials arrange in theform of two layers (inside layer and outer layer). At the initial stage, the stamen primordialtakes on sphere-like shape, and then grows into four rhombus anther primordial followed byfour sac anthers, and anther growth adopts substrate growth model. The number of pistilprimordial is in the range of2-5, and it is also sphere like at the initial stage. Celldifferentiation takes place rarely on the adaxial side and the growth rate is slow. On thecontrary, the cell differentiation occurs largely on the abaxial side and the growth rate is fast,which results in the formation of Apocarpous pistil with simple carpels. The shape of pollengrain is sphere like with granular sculpture ornamentation. Moreover, there are seven germpores on every pollen grain and granular spinules can be seen in the pore membrane.6. Standardization seedlillg of Thalictrum squarrosum Steph.ex Willd can be produced bythe sexual reproduction. Dormancy would be broken by cold stratification or drug treatment ofseeds. On the basis of standardization of seedlings planting and field cultivation or directseeding growth, small plastic arched shed culture technique can be utilized for off seasonculture.