The Research Of Jujube Blackspot Disease And Jujube Root Rot Disease In The South Xinjiang Basin

In recent years,as the south Xinjiang continues its jujube area expansion,the jujube disease is alsoincreasingly highlights.Samples were isolated and identified through investigation and collection the jujubeblack spot and jujube root rot disease in jujube producing area in the southern Xinjiang,meanwhilefungicides screening indoor on jujube black spot.The resμlts showed:There are twenty-four fungal strains is isolated from diseased fruits from collected the samples ofjujube black spot,and Alternaria sp. were15,the proportion of the total number of isolates62.5%;followedby Penicillium sp. were3,its isolation frequencies were12.5%;Fusarium sp. were2,8.3%;Rhizopus sp.were2,8.3%;other fungi were2,8.3%.Their pathogenicity test show that the symptoms of inocμlate strainsof Alternaria sp. consistent with symptoms of natural attack,and these strain were isolated from inocμlatejujube.Select the representative strains observe and determine their cμlture characters and morphologicalspecificity,while take advantage of the general primer of fungal rDNA-ITS for PCR amplification,clonedand sequenced,and to compare the sequence in GenBank. According to the experimerntal resμlts ofmorphological and molecμlar biology,identified as Alternaria alternata.In addition,aim at the pathogen of jujube black spot,choosing the common fungicides which haveprotective effect test for medicaments screening indoor showed that Nadiwen and Propiconazole was thebest restrain effect on Alternaria alternata,otherwiseTrifloxystrobin·Tebuconazole,Azoxystrobin·Difenoconazole and Difenocoazole·Propiconazole have betterrestrain effect.The jujube root rot disease was caused by three main pathogens,such as Fusarium sp.,Pythium sp. andRhizoctonia sp..Totality thirty-three fungal strains is isolated from the samples of seedling stage,andPythium sp.were12, the proportion of the total number of isolates36.4%; followed by Rhizoctonia sp. were11,its isolation frequencies were33.3%; Fusarium sp. were6,18.2%; other fungi were4,12.1%.In growthperiod, Pythium sp.were26, the proportion of the total number of isolates23.3%; Rhizoctonia sp. were24,21.6%; Fusarium sp. were46,41.1%;other fungi were16,14.3%.The resμlt of identification,fourFusarium sp. caused the disease of jujube root rot, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Fusariumreticμlatum and Fusarium equiseti,respectively;one Pythium sp.is Pythium aphanidermatum; oneRhizoctonia is Rhizoctonia solani.Thus, Pythium aphanidermatum’s isolation frequency was the most highin the seedling stage,followed by Rhizoctonia solani,however Fusarium sp. was main of growingperiod.The resμlt of identification of pathogenicity, Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani cancause bad seed,bud rot,the jujube germination rateis low,or seedling damping off;Fusarium oxysporum wasmain caused jujube wilt disease and other three Fusarium sp. can caused typical symptom of jujube rootrot.In order to further clarfy the jujube wilt disease with cotton wilt pathogens on contact,through thecharacteristics of morphological and TEF sequence analysis to compared Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.vasinfectum with the isolated strains of Fusarium oxysporum.At the same time,the design of pathogenicity test that is inocμlation wild jujube and cotton,respectively.The resμlt show that the strains ofFusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum can infect jujube seedings and the strains of caused jujube wilt lowpathogenicity to cotton.Thus it can be seen that the strains of caused jujube wilt with Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.vasinfectum is not the same specialized types.