Effect Of Different Fertilizer Treatments On Watermelon Growth And Cultivation Substrate

With the improvement of people’s living standards, consumers both from homeand abroad have an increasing demand for high quality watermelons. Cultivar"JingXin1" of grafted watermelon is selected as the research materials in this study,the effects of different fertilizers on watermelon’s growth and the substrate werecompared. This experiment aims at exploring the combined application of fertilizersmethods which can meet the watermelon growth and at the same time can achieve highyield and high quality. The main results of the experiment are as follows:1.Different topdressings can reduce the pH of the substrate and improve the EC ofsubstrate. To83d of planting, the watermelons with topdressing seaweed fertilizer,peanut cake, NPK fertilizer, seaweed fertilizer+NPK fertilizer, peanut cake+NPKfertilizer have lower matrix pH than the compared ones by1.2%,0.8%,8.6%,4.7%,3.5%; EC values are increased by10%,50%,290%,190%,200%.2.Different combined application of fertilizers had little different impact on thegrowth of watermelon’s vine, the main vine length, internodes length, leaf length andleaf width in the initial stage of growth. But when the watermelons are into the rapidvegetative growth after several days, the differences appear gradually. Aftertopdressing peanut cake, NPK fertilizer, seaweed fertilizer+NPK fertilizer and peanutcake+NPK fertilizer, the watermelons are growing well. The watermelons withouttopdressing or with topdressing the seaweed fertilizer have poor growth. Thewatermelons’ vine, the main vine length, internodes length, leaf length and leaf widthgreater with topdressing are bigger than the compared ones. To colonization63d,watermelons with topdressing seaweed fertilizer, peanut cake, NPK fertilizer, seaweedfertilizer+NPK fertilizer, peanut cake+NPK fertilizer treatment compared with thecompared ones, vine increased separately by14.6%,35.0%,35.9%,33.8%,39.1%;main vine length respectively increase by24.7%,52.2%,44.3%,40.0%,49.7%;internodes length increase by8.6%,44.2%,45.8%,31.7%,56.9%; leaf length respectively increase by29.9%,51.9%,47.5%,38.0%,29.1%; leaf width increases by18.9%,43.6%,41.2%,31.4%,43.7%.3.Topdressing was conducive to growth and development of watermelon, impactsthe fruit index, makes the female flowers blossom earlier, increases fruit length,diameter and fruit weight, and improves soluble solids content, but has no significanteffect on the female flowers. With topdressing seaweed fertilizer topdressing, peanutcake, NPK fertilizer, seaweed fertilizer+NPK fertilizer, peanut cake+NPK fertilizer,the first female flowers blossom earlier than the compared ones by3.8d,6.6d,4.4d,6.7d,4.6d; the second female flowers blossom respectively earlier than the comparedones by5.3d,8.7d,8.0d,7.2d,5.7d. The first and second female flowers have nosignificant difference. To the maturity of watermelon35days after flowering), fruitlength, respectively increases by5.4%,23.0%,21.5%,14.3%,20.8%, fruit diameterincreases by5.7%,15.2%,17.2%,15.5%,14.5%; and fruit length increases faster thanfruit diameter. Fruit weight respectively increases by48.5%,79.6%,62.5%,71.1%,68.0%. The flesh center’s (Site5) soluble solids content except topdressing seaweedfertilizer reduced to8.7%, respectively increase by15.8%,17.0%,19.4%,20.4%.