The Study On Physicochemicalpropertyand Dynamic Changes Of Polysaccharide From Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (DanShen) a kind of perennial herbaceous plants, belongs to Lamiaceae, Salvia Linn., and the dry roots and rhizome were considered as Chinese herb medicine, which has significant curative effect on the disease of heart head blood-vessel aspects, such as hypertension, angina pectoris. As one of the bioactive components, the research found that it has antioxidant activity, increased immune activity and antitumor activity and so on. The paper would take DanShen as research material, and study the physicochemical property of polysaccharide attained by different extraction methods, including the content of polysaccharide, uronic acid and protein, viscosity, iron ion chelating ability and reducing power. Then, with the hot water extraction method, the content of polysaccharide in the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge collected from different areas and discover the dynamic change rules of polysaccharide at various periods were directed. The purpose is to provide the scientific basis for effective development and application of polysaccharide in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. The main research results are as follows:1. There were significant difference in the contents of polysaccharide, uronic acid and protein among the four kinds of polysaccharide. Meanwhile, the contents of polysaccharide, and uronic acid in the polysaccharide extracted by hot water were higher then others, which were74.23%and5.84%, respectively; the contents of protein in the polysaccharide extracted by ultrasonic was lower then others, which was3.31%.2. The viscosity of DanShen polysaccharide was increscent with the increases of concentration, while significantly decent with the increment of temperature.The descending order of intrinsic viscosity of the four kinds of polysaccharide was as follows:hot-water extracted polysaccharide, ultrasonic extracted polysaccharide, enzyme extracted polysaccharide and alkali extracted polysaccharide.3. The polysaccharide extracted by hot water, ultrasonic, alkali and enzyme method all have a certain ability to chelate iron ion. However, the polysaccharide extracted by alkali method has the strongest ability to chelate iron ion, ion chelate value was164.9mg/g.4. The results of reducing power about the four kinds of polysaccharide reflected that the polysaccharide extracted by hot water, ultrasonic, alkali and enzyme method all have strong reducing power, which was exponentially increasing with the increase of polysaccharide concentrations in determined concentration range of polysaccharides. Meanwhile, the difference in the reducing power among the four kinds of polysaccharide was not significant at the concentration of0.05mg/mL; the descending order of the fours about reducing power was:hot-water extracted polysaccharide, ultrasonic extracted polysaccharide, enzyme extracted polysaccharide and alkali extracted polysaccharide at the concentration of0.60mg/mL.5. With the hot water extraction method, the polysaccharide in the xylem, leather and the whole roots in DanShen collected from different areas (Beijing, Jiangsu, Hubei, Shaanxi and Henan) in different growth period. The results indicated that due to the difference in producing areas, there were difference in the accumulation regularity and distribution of polysaccharides in the xylem and cortex of roots; the content of polysaccharide in the roots was minimum at maturity; at harvest time, the difference in the content of polysaccharide between Beijing and Jiangsu were not significant at0.05probability level, which were38.98%and37.48%respectively, and the same as the cultivated and the wildSalvia miltiorrhiza Bunge collected from Henan which were26.00%and25.86%respectively; the order of polysaccharides content in the root was as follows: Beijing>Jiangsu>Shanxi>Hubei>Henan (the cultivated and the wild).