| The test was conducted on the farm of Yangzhou University, both in clay soil and sand soil, and the material was super japonica4038,tooking pure nitrogen with300kg hm-1as a benchmark,namely100%(compare),by reducing nitrogen,We set up85%(+XM)70%(+XM)、55%(+XM) and blank treatment.We studied the the impact on rice yield and saving effect of nitrogen fertilizer nitrogen use of XM (Mixed with urea applied) systematically and XM application for the rice and optimization of nitrogen reduction applied to provide a reference. The main results are as follows:(1)The impact of the soil additive for nutrient retention XM on rice yield and the growth and development of rice:①Yield:Compared with the control group,the yield of clay soil85%(+XM) and sand soil85%(+XM) were both significantly increased, and they increased2.06%and16.73%respectively, reached significant level,except that the production of sand soil (70%) was lower than it.The average yield, marginal yield and the elasticity of productivity of the rest treatments were all higher than100%(compare). The Spikelets contributed the most to yield among all the yield components, in addition to the sand85%(+XM), other processing of effective ear numbers were less than100%(compare),seed setting rate and thousand grain of contribution to yield was smaller②The dynamic of stem tillers and the panicle forming: Compared with the control group, each process in the early rice tillering growth was relatively slow. High peak seedling stage was later, High peak seedling for85%(+XM) was significantly higher than100%(compare), but panicle forming was less than100%(compare), other treatment had no significant improvement.③The production of dry matter:XM can improve the dry matter weight of rice, compared with the control, clay soil85%(+XM) in the jointing stage, mature stage and sand soil85%(+XM) at all times were the highest. (2)The impact of the soil additive for nutrient retention on the nitrogen use efficiency of rice: Whether the clay soil or the sand soil, the nitrogen accumulation gradually increased while the nitrogen content gradually declined. The nitrogen accumulation of both clay soil and sand soil was significantly higher than100%(compare) during the maturity stage, and its crude protein of grain was also significantly higher than the corresponding100%(compare).Other treatments have higher nitrogen use efficiency, but their total nitrogen was too little, their nitrogen accumulation was relatively low. All the recovery efficiency of nitrogen was significantly higher than100%(compare), the highest of clay soil was70%(+XM), and the sand soil was85%(+XM),and they were higher than100%(compare) by13.28%and15.23%respectively. After the treatment of XM, the agronomic efficiency was also higher than100%(compare),the nitrogen harvest index of clay soil was Relatively stable while in sand soil it was significantly increased.(3)The impact of XM on total nitrogen contents and soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen of rice field:Under the condition of reduction for nitrogen levels, XM can increase the soil total nitrogen and soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen content.Compared with the control group, all XM (+85%) of soil total nitrogen content in the whole growth period were higher than100%(compare). In the three growth period,Clay soil of alkaline-hydrolysis nitrogen were:85%(+XM)>100%(compare)>70%(+XM)>55%(+XM)>no nitrogen blank area.The trend of the Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen during the three stages in sand soil was similar to the clay soil, but the total content was lower than the clay soil, and this may be related to the strong fertilizer capacity of clay soil itself. |
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