Study On The Sustainable Development Of Expressway Greening Landscape In The South Of The Yangtze River In Anhui Province

With the rapid development of economy, the highway spread out to across the countries and continuously extend. Expressway as a modernization of transportation facilities has the characteristics of "efficient, safe, low consumption". It is playing an increasingly important role in the construction of national economy. Highway landscape is an important part of highway traffic environment, and it plays an irreplaceable role to improve the highway vehicle traffic safety and comfortableness, and mitigate the effects of traffic on the surrounding environment and to protect the natural environment and the surrounding residents living environment.This study selected a few highway which located south of the Yangtze river in Anhui province as the research plots. It included along the river high-speed, highway Mawu, highway Wuxuan and highway Xuanguang. In view of the problems existing in the expressway greening landscape had carried out investigation and analysis, aimed at the development of maintenance management programs of science for sustainable development of highway landscape. The main results of this dissertation were as follows:1Based on the vegetation species investigation, there were36species in the south of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province the highway greening plants. They were belonged to23families and36genera. There were17species of evergreen trees and shrub,17species of deciduous trees and shrub, and2species of herbaceous plants.2Based on the study of soil sampling analysis, the soil physical and chemical properties of highway was very poor, and the soil pH was in7.44—8.22. And the soil presented alkaline in the study area. Organic carbon content was in0.29—0.88g/kg, N content was in0.27—1.53mg/kg, P content was inl.19—2.89mg/kg, and K content was in0.08—0.25g/kg, they were at a very low level, could not meet the needs of plant nutrition.3We performed fertilization experiment on Lagerstroemia indicia in the highway along the Yangtze River in Chizhou. The experiment data showed that Lagerstroemia indicia in germination branches after fertilization significantly increased the number of branches, the average growth was97.43%; the longest length increased, and the average growth was46centimeter. Illustrate that, due to the lack of soil fertility prior to fertilization, but plants needed to grow and to absorb nutrients, so growth was limited by some of the plant, resulting in weak plant tree, plant diseases and insect pests was serious; When given enough fertilizer, plant grew flourish and well. So, strengthen the fertilizer was very important link of management.4Through the survey, the highway greening landscape pests occurred in the region in the south of Anhui was a total of38tree species. It belongs to19families,5orders35genera, including Mactophya pilotheca which was the first discovered in Anhui province; there were a total of8kinds plant diseases.5Through the investigation, damaging trees and weed of highway landscape were golden-rod, paper mulberry and wire grass. By weeding experiment indicated:the best control effect of golden-rod and paper mulberry was75.5%glyphosate soluble granule+70%saflufenacil water dispersible granule combination; the best control effect of wire grass was50%Glyphosate water soluble granule.