The Research On Water Loss And Soil Erosion Prediction And Its Prevention Planning In Guantun Coal Mine

At present, soil and water loss has been widely concerned as one of the important environmental issues by the Whole world.The accelerated soil and water loss induced by large-scale centralized exploitation and corresponding engineering construction, is the key research content of presently studies on soil erosion, which has been attracting extensive attention of many governments and experts.So far, the compilation of the soil and water conservation programs in the exploiture and construction projects has been on the right track in our country. Without the soil and water conservation programs, none of the exploiture and construction projects can be pre-approved or initiated. The success implementation of the exploiture and construction projects is related to the scientific compilation of the soil and water conservation programs which hinges on its accuracy in forecasting the water and soil erosion. Especially, in the exploitation of coal resources, soil erosion which is triggered by coal production causes considerable impact on the environment, due to its long mine life and high land destruction. So the accurate forcast of soil and water loss is the key to curb the mine water and soil loss effectively, to set up water conservation measures reasonably, to improve the ecological environment in the mine areas.Taking Yan’an’s Guantun Coal Mine as an example, on the basis of comprehensive overview of research progress on water loss and soil erosion in mines and the analysis natural environment, socio-economic, land use and previous soil erosion status quo of Guantun Coal Mine, this paper analyzed natural and anthropogenic factors which affect its water and soil loss, determined the water and soil loss’s prediction period, the scope and content in the Guantun Coal Mine using the previous experience and methods about water loss and soil erosion prediction, forecasted the water and soil loss during the integrated construction of Guantun Coal Mine in detail applying field survey and literature review. The prediction shows that the Guantun Coal Mine would have a new soil loss of78,004tons, with175,710tons of original surface soil loss and253,715tons of disturbed soil loss, during the construction period, the natural recovery period and the run-time. And the serious water and soil erosion areas are in the industrial production region and refuse discharge field during the construction period, while in the mining subsidence area and refuse discharge field at runtime. According to the prediction, this article designed engineering measures, plant measures and temporary protection measures for the key areas to prevent water and soil loss in Guantun Coal Mine. Additionally, the analysis of effectiveness of prevention measures indicates that the implementation of prevention and treatment programs would improve the ecological environment significantly in the study area and the surrounding area which is influenced directly.This study provides a more scientific method, content and steps for the prediction and prevention of soil and water loss in Guantun Coal Mining Project, which can also be a reference for the same work in other mining projects.