Study On Different Interplanting Processing On The Tobacco Soil Nutrient, Enzyme Activities And Leaf Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco

The study adopts two-factor randomized block design, interplanting crops and intercropping time, and intercrops the ryegrass, alfalfa and radish three crops with flue-cured tobacco when the flue-cured tobacco in rosette stage, vigorous, bud stage; explorate and research the main nutrients, enzyme activity of tobacco soil and the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, physical properties and chemical quality of flue-cured tobacco. It provides a theoretical basis for the Flue-cured Tobacco Intercropping system of Wenshan, reducing the N in tobacco soil, regulating the greed green of tobacco leaf and optimization of the tobacco quality. The main conclusions are as follows:1. Intercropping three crops are conducive to the activation of soil organic matter, the P and K content of the soil were reduced; intercropping ryegrass and radish can significantly reduce the N content of the soil when flue-cured tobacco at the latter part, and with the passage of the sowing time, the influence was smaller. The N levels of the soil were reduced when the symbiotic period was shortened.2. The effect of different intercropping treatments on catalase, urease, invertase activity of the soil:catalase activity showing the first decline after rising to a downward trend throughout the sampling period, compared with the flue-cured tobacco monoculture, the catalase activity of intercropping treatment was higher, and no significant difference between treatments intercropping. The urease activity and the invertase activity of tobacco planting soil was increased at first and then decreasing, the performance of the urease and invertase activity by intercropping three crops on the soil show that intercropping alfalfa> intercropping ryegrass> radish intercropping> flue-cured tobacco monoculture.3. Flue-cured tobacco, intercropping different crops at different times, have different effects on Growth and disease control. It represent that intercropping ryegrass and radish,the tobacco mature leaves yellowing early and leaf area was reduced; but the results of intercropping alfalfa was opposite; intercropping three crops all could reduce the mosaic disease, climate scab and brown spot disease of tobacco; intercropping ryegrass could control the Tobacco Diseases best between the three Intercropping crops, and the earlier sowing, the better prevention.4. Compared with flue-cured tobacco single handle, the opening film、stem ratio and moisture content of tobacco leaf by intercropping ryegrass、alfalfa and radish at different times was better, the single leaf weight of interplanting ryegrass and radish handle was less, the loose tissue of tobacco leaf was better,but the single leaf weight of interplanting alfalfa was higher. Intercropping ryegrass in the rosette stage, the chemical quality evaluation of tobacco leaf had the highest score. The total sugar content of tobacco leaf was27.48%,4.00%higher than CK; the reducing sugar content of tobacco leaf was23.54%,3.65%higher than CK; the total nitrogen content of tobacco leaf was1.98%,0.25%lower than monoculture tobacco processing, the nicotine content of tobacco leaf was2.77%, the K content was1.74%, the chlorine content was0.15%, the starch content was2.07%. Flue-cured tobacco which intercrop ryegrass and radish in three periods are conducive to improving the chemical quality of the tobacco leaf. In the three periods, flue-cured tobacco intercrop radish in the vigorous, leaf chemical quality evaluation had the higher score; the intercropping of flue-cured tobacco and alfalfa need reasonable control sowing time and reducing the symbiotic period time to achieve the purpose of enhance the chemical quality of tobacco.5. The influence on economic traits of interplanting processing was that, the mu-yield of intercropping alfalfa was higher than flue-cured tobacco monoculture, and the sooner intercropping, the higher the mu-yield; intercropping ryegrass and radish at different times, the production were lower than CK. The production of intercropping alfalfa in the rosette stage were lower than CK, the other treatments were higher than flue-cured tobacco monoculture, The production of interplanting alfalfa in budding stage were the highest. On the whole, the flue-cured tobacco intercrop ryegrass in vigorous had the best economic traits.