Research On Coupling Effect And Collaborative Management Of Water And Fertilizer For Red Globe Grape Cultivation Of Sandy Soil In Eastern Foot Of Helan Mountain

The main soil restriction factors for Red Globe grape cultivation in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain are low fertility, easily leaking water and fertilizer, alkaline and pH was more than8.5, and the low micro-elements available due to strong fixation. These shortcomings often caused nutrient deficiency disease of grape and low production and other bottleneck questions. Through field experiment and laboratory analysis, discussed the requirement rule of water and fertilizer and reasonable dosage, and effects of iron manganese zinc trace elements on development and yield and quality of Red globe grape in the sandy soil area. Further studied on the reasonable irrigation system and application system of four years Red globe grape under the condition of coupling effect of water and fertilize, and put forward collaborative management technology system of water and fertilizer in the sandy soil area, and provided a scientific basis for high yield and high quality as well as high efficiency cultivation of the grape industry in Ningxia. The study results as follows:1. Compared with furrow irrigation, drip irrigation could increase the chlorophyll content of leaves and the shoot length, promoted the accumulation of dry matter in leaf, and increased the total sugar and Vc content of fruit, drip irrigation reduced the content of total acid and increased the sugar acid ratio. The treatment increased the yield of Red globe grape in400m3/666.67m2, the Red globe grape yields up29.55t/hm2. To simulate irrigation amount and production of Red globe grape, and calculated the maximum yield of irrigation water, it was Nmax=411.58m3/666.67m2for the red globe grape.2. From the motion law of the sandy soil moisture distribution, under the treatment of400m3/666.67m2, the Red globe grape grew well, reached up the highest yield, fruit quality was better, and water cycle was about7days, it had high water use efficiency. So it can be used as a reasonable irrigation amount for the Red globe grape.3. NPK drip irrigation fertilizer increased chlorophyll content for four years Red globe grape, soluble sugar increased by19.08%,20.69%and19.08%than conventional fertilization treatment, and Vc increased by7.5%and7.5%. The relationship was simulated between NPK drip irrigation fertilizer quantity and yield of four years Red globe grape. It was concluded that the maximum yield NPK drip fertilizer consumption was50.44kg/666.67m2and the best economic benefit rate was49.49kg/666.67m2.4. Under the condition of high pH, trace metal elements effectiveness was very low, fertilization of micronutrient fertilizer was effective in the sandy soil area. Among them, applying iron could increase the chlorophyll content of leaves, improved the increasing sugar of the fruit, applying manganese increased Vc and soluble sugar content of the fruit and shoot was longest. Under nutrients in drip irrigation fertilizer, the highest yield reached32.84t/hm2and economic benefit was supreme, input-output ratio was8.17.5. The technology of collaborative management for four years Red globe grape in the sandy soil area: irrigation amount was400m/666.67m2and application amount of nutrients in drip irrigation fertilizer was48kg/666.67m2in the whole stages, using the technology of integral control of water and fertilization, irrigation frequency was16times, drip14times, drops of fat8times, on average6kg/666.67m2in the whole stages. Moreover, using furrow irrigation in the spring and winter irrigation, irrigation quota was170m3. Drop one time, I drip irrigation fertilizer one time in forming stage; drop of water two times, I drip irrigation fertilizer one time in the growing of shoot; Drop one time, I drip irrigation fertilizer one time in flowering period; Drop2times, II drip irrigation fertilizer one time in young fruit period; Drop5times, II drip irrigation fertilizer2times, Ⅲ drip irrigation fertilizer one time in fruit enlargement period; Drop2times, Ⅲ drip irrigation fertilizer one time in version; Tendrils of drop water of one time, the amount of organic fertilizer was600kg/666.67m2time for ditching deep. The ratio of N:P2O5:K2O was3.8:1:1.25,1:1.25:1and1:1:3.2in Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ nutrients in drip irrigation fertilizer.