The Research Of Distribuiton Characteristics Of Soil Organic Matter In Different Areas And Its Relationship With The Key Index Of Tobacco Flavor Matters

In order to study the distribution characteristics of soil organic matter and its relationship withtobacco leaf chemical components in2typical intermediate flavor tobacco producing areas, Guizhoutypical tobacco producing area and Wulingshan tobacco producing area,15typical tobacco plantingcounties were chosen for the sampling sites to study the influence of soil parent material, soil type, soilpH, altitude to organic matter distribution characteristics of the top layer soil sample, profile, and itsrelationship with the conventional chemical component, such as polyphenols, pigments. Fullyunderstand the two top layer and profile producing organic matter distribution characteristics and itsrelationship with roast tobacco leaf chemical components, in order to producing fertilizer is usedrationally, flue-cured tobacco planting area planning and improve the quality of tobacco leaves and thestyle characteristic of the evaluation index system to provide the reference. The main results were asfollows:The analysis shows that the mean of tobacco planting soil organic matter content in central regionof Guizhou province was27.7g/kg with a range of24.3g/kg to31.6g/kg and variation coefficient of9.48%, which was suitable for flue-cured tobacco planting as a whole. Correlative analysis showed thatthe organic matter content of tobacco planting soil was extremely significantly positively correlatedwith the altitude in central region of Guizhou province. The organic matter content of soil developedfrom gully debris was significantly higher than those developed from quaternary red clay and carbonateresidual-slope wash. In vertical direction, soil organic matter contents showed strongsurface-aggregation and significantly regressive rules as moving down. the organic matter content ofsame soil layer which formed from different soil parent material from high to low was gully debris>quaternary red clay> carbonate residual-slope wash. The average content of tobacco polyphenolsincluding chlorogenic acid, rutin and scopoletin were11.42mg/g、9.89mg/g和0.19mg/g. The content ofChlorogenic acid, rutin, scopoletin were negative correlated with soil organic matter content. Thechlorogenic acid had significant negative correlation with soil organic matter content at the1%level.The average content of β-carotenoid and lutein in tobacco leaves were0.04mg/g and0.08mg/g. Theβ-carotenoid and lutein in tobacco leaves were negative correlated with soil organic matter content.What’s more, the β-carotenoid had significant negative correlation with soil organic matter content. In aword, appropriate increasing of soil organic matter content in the central mountains of Guizhouprovince can increase the total sugar, reducing sugar, sugar alkali ratio, reduce the irritating effect onhumans. In turns, the coordination of tobacco leaf chemical components can be improved. So the qualityof tobacco leaves can be improved.The analysis of soil pH and organic matter content in Wulingshan areas showed that:1) There wasa significant negative correlation between them（R=-0.366*）;2) The mean of tobacco planting soilorganic matter content in Wulingshan areas was25.8g/kg with a range of15.6g/kg to42.4g/kg andvariation coefficient of23.1%. the content of soil organic matter was ranked as medium（20-30g/kg）, according to the second soil census fertility evaluation standard, which was suitable for flue-curedtobacco planting as a whole;3) Soil organic matter content developed from gully debris wassignificantly higher than those developed from talus-debris and slope wash;4) With the increase of soildepth in the vertical direction, soil organic matter contents showed strong surface-aggregation andsignificantly regressive rules, however, Soil pH increased. The average content of tobacco polyphenolsincluding chlorogenic acid, rutin and scopoletin were11.74mg/g,9.75mg/g and0.15mg/g. The contentof Chlorogenic acid, rutin and scopoletin were negative correlated with soil organic matter content. Thechlorogenic acid had significant negative correlation with soil organic matter content at the5%level.The average content of β-carotenoid and lutein in tobacco leaves were0.05mg/g and0.10mg/g. Theβ-carotenoid and lutein in tobacco leaves were positive correlated with soil organic matter content. In aword, the content of chemical fertilizer in the Wulingshan areas should be reduced or replaced byorganic matter. In turns, In turns, the coordination of tobacco leaf chemical components and the contentof aroma can be improved. So the quality of tobacco leaves can be improved.The study of distribution characteristics of soil organic matter and its relationship with tobacco leafchemical components in different tobacco producing areas shows that: soil organic matter contentsshowed strong surface-aggregation and significantly regressive rules as moving down in verticaldirection; Soil organic matter had an same effect on tobacco polyphenols in different ecological areas;Soil organic matter had a regional difference on tobacco β-carotenoid and lutein; Soil organic matterhad a regional difference on tobacco regular chemical compositions in different ecological areas.