Preliminary Study On The Bone-formation And Revascularization Effects Of A Mixture Of Cuttlefish Bone And Bone Morphogenetic Protein As An Artificial Bone

Objective: To study on the bone-formation and revascularization effects andbiocompatibility of a mixture of cuttlefish bone(CB) and bone morphogeneticprotein(BMP) as an artificial bone to supply credible theory foundation for clinicapplication.Method: Thirty SD rats were operated under the aseptic condition to establishanimal models with skull defect about5mm2and then they were divided randomly intotwo groups(n=15/group), the experimental and normal control groups. The mixture ofCB/BMP was implanted in the former and single CB in the latter.All of theexperimental rats were sacrificed in batches after the fourth, sixth and eighth weeks andthe implanted materials were collected and sectioned after Chinese ink perfusion. Thebone-formation and revascularization effects of the artificial bone and the relationshipbetween bone-formation and revascularization effects were observed and analyzed bytransmission electron microscope and other technology.Result:1.There was no any death and infection after the operation and incisionson all rats healed very well.2. General observation: The soft tissues were dyed by ink. No remotion ofimplanted material and obvious abnormality in surrounding tissues can be observed.New periosteum vascular network appeared near the implanted material.3. Histological observation: The infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils, alongwith small amount of macrophages can be seen around the implanted material.Inflammatory cells reaction was less than stage III. Hyperplasia fibrous connectivetissue began to damage the three-dimensional network structure of the CB with a smallamount of bone matrix formation. All of these occurred in the fourth week. Just a small amount of lymphocytes and neutrophils occured around the implanted material till thesixth weeks without any macrophages. Inflammatory cell reaction was less than stage II.Three-dimensional network structure of the CB was almost entirely damaged except fora small amount of cross striation structure. Bone matrix and new capillary were muchmore than in the fourth week and the inflammatory reaction disappeared.New bonematrix increased markedly and new bone trabecula begun to connect into piece.No matter the time and quantity of the bone formation or the revascularization inthe experimental group are much better than the normal control group, p<0.05.There isa linear positive correlation between the osteogenesis and revascularization.4.Masson staining and the result of transmission electron microcopy support theresult of HE.Conclusion:1. CB is a good three-dimensional supporting system and carriermaterial.2. The mixture of CB/BMP has a better biocompatibility and a strongerbone-formation and revascularization capacity. It is an ideal artificial material for bonerepair and tissue engineered artificial bone.3. The bone-formation and revascularization degree of the experimental group arebetter than the normal group, which indicates that BMP has the ability to induceontogenesis and promote the revascularization.4. There is a linear positive correlation between the osteogenesis andrevascularization, which means that the higher the revascularization is, the more newbone will form.