An Analysis Of Dietary And Nutritional Status Of Uyghur Pedigrees With Maturity-onset Diabetes Of The Young

Objective: This epidemiology dietary survey was aimed to understand the food andnutrient intake levels and the differences of diet and nutrition status among Uighur MODYfamilies, Uighur type2diabetes and normal Uighur population. Methods: Three UighurMODY families from Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region were involved in this researchwith their informed consents. The member’s general information, blood glucose level andblood lipid level were collected in2007and2010, respectively. Dietary intake informationwas collected by using semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs),food itemsincluded in the FFQ consisted of a total of9types of food categories and101types offoods, intake frequencies were classified as8steps.The estimation of portion size wasclassified into eight categories referring to the typical household units in full-scale size.Study objects were dividing into groups according to age, sex. Different levels of physicalactivity, daily nutrient intake of per person were calculated.(Nutrition calculator V2.5software was used to calculate), results were exported to Excel, data was analyzed byusing SPSS17.0statistical software. Daily food intakes of three groups were comparedwith the Chinese residents balanced meal pagoda. Results of these three groups werecompared with the Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) and RecommendedDietary Allowance (RDA), respectively.Results:Weight, height, BMI, WHR, waistcircumference, hip circumference, fasting blood sugar,2h postprandial blood glucose, TG,CHOL, HDL, LDL of MODY families in2010compared with the data in2007,the bodyweight, height, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference were increased significantly,(P<0.05). Fasting blood glucose,2h postprandial blood glucose, TG, CHOL wereincreased, but no statistic difference(P>0.05).②compared with Chinese residentsbalanced meal pagoda, cereal potato, fats and oils were excessively intake in UighurMODY pedigrees and normal Uighur population, while intake of cereal potato, fats andoils in Uighur type2diabetes group meet the recommended value; livestock meat, soy,nuts and salt intake were all higher than the recommended value in three groups, whiledaily intake of milk and dairy products, eggs were lower than the recommended values; fruit intake of MODY pedigree was far below the recommended values, only accounts for0.76%of the recommended value. The intake of fish and shrimp in MODY families,T2DM group and normal group only accounted for2.57%,3.01%and1.9%of therecommended value.③The intake of vitamin B6, B12, folic acid and iodine in3groupswere significantly lower than RNI and RDA, while nicotinic acid, sodium were higher.The amount of vitamin C and calcium in MODY family were all lower than RNI and RDA.Among the light, medium physical labor intensity of the women, vitamin C intakes onlyaccounts for26.35%and47.3%of RNI. In men having light, medium, heavy physicallabor intensity works, it accounted for14.25%,23.04%and11.70%of RNI. Mean whileintake of vitamin C in men and women only accounted for18.14%and70.89%of RDA.Intakes of calcium in the light, medium physical labor intensity of the women onlyaccounts for63.67%and42.00%of RNI. Intakes of calcium in the light, medium, heavyphysical labor intensity of male was accounts for49.94%62.79%,60.56%of RNI,respectively;④daily intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate intake were higher thanRNI and RDA in MODY pedigrees and normal population, and while in T2DM it washigher than RDA.Conclusion: Excessively intake of cereal potato, fats,oils,salt andlower intake of fruits, vegetables,fish and shrimp milk and dairy products in UighurMODY pedigrees leads to excessively calorie intake, insufficient intake of some ofvitamins (vitaminB6, vitaminB12, folic acid, vitamin C) and minerals (calcium, iodine)that related to glucose metabolism, excessive intake of sodium and other nutrients againstdiabetes.The diet control concept of type2diabetes people resulted in limitation ofvitamins and minerals intake. health education in Uighur language should be introduced toimprove food intake patterns of Uighur population.The study also showed that dietaryfactors is one of the important factors which leading to a high incidence of Uighurdiabetes.Results of this study will provide a scientific basis for primary prevention ofdiabetes in Uighur population, may lay an important early research foundation forbehavioral intervention.