Levels Of Interleukin-35in Serum Of Patients With Bronchial Asthma

BackgroudAsthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of airways in which manycells(including T lymphocytes, eosinophils,mast cells, neutrophils, smooth musclecells,bronchial epithelial cells)and cellular elements play a role.The chronicinflammation is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness that leads to recurrentepisodes of wheezing, breathlessness,chest tightness,and coughing,particularly atnight or in the early morning.These episodes airway obstruction within the lung that isoften reversible either spontaneously or with treatment[17].Asthma is morecommonly associated with Th2mediated eosinophilic inflammation[2].Several in vitro studies have been performed with the aim of clarifying the roleof Tregs in allergic asthma. CD4+CD25+Tregs and IL-10-producing Tregs weresuggested to suppress TH2responses to allergens. IL-10-producing cells were able tosuppress human allergen-driven TH2cytokine production of IL-4-producing effectorcells. The amount of these IL-10-producing Treg cells decreased and that ofIL-4-producing cells increased in blood from atopic allergic donors[3]. Analysis of thebehavior of Tregs in allergic asthmatic children’s blood and broncheoalveolar lavagesamples demonstrated fewer CD4+CD25+T cells than in healthy control subjects[4,5].Among the allergic patients, those with persistent severe allergy bronchial asthmapresent higher numbers of these cells[6]. In contrast, Smyth et al.[7] observed anincrease in the number of CD4+Foxp3+Treg cells in the BAL of adult patients withmoderate-to-severe asthma compared to patients with mild disease and to healthycontrols[7].However, atopic adult patients with mild asthma have a higher number ofCD4+IL-10-producing cells compared to patients who have severe atopic and moderate-to-severe nonatopic asthma[8]. Based on those studies, the above data leavelittle doubt about the importance of Tregs in controlling inflammation in asthma,establishing them as a potential tool for the treatment of this disease.IL-35is a novel cytokine comprised of the IL-27β chain Ebi3and the IL-12αchain p35. It is the newest member of the IL-12family. In murine counterpart, IL-35was proved to be expressed preferentially by Foxp3+Treg cells, but not resting oractive effector T cells[9,10]. However, according to the studies of Fre′de′riqueLarousserie, the expression of IL-35by human Treg cells is undetectable[11,12].IL-35is thought to be a novel anti-inflammation cytokine, which contributes to thefunction of Treg cells[13,14].Recently, a study shows that IL-35can limit the airwayinflammation and IgE Production in a dust mite allergen-specific micemodels[15,16].In this study, we detected the plasma levels IL-35in patients with allergic asthmaand healthy control subjects by ELISA and recorded their pulmonary function byspirometer.We also analysis the correlation between plasma IL-35concentration andmain pulmonary indicators respectively,for the purpose of exploring whether IL-35isa potential parameter for the severity of asthma.Objective To investigate levels of inleukin-35in the peripheral blood plasmaMethods Forty-four patients with bronchial asthma and twenty-four normalcontrol subjects were enrolled in the study. The IL-35levels in the peripheral bloodplasma of the patients and normal control subjects were measured by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay(ELISA), and their main pulmonary functionindicators(including FVC,FVC/FVC predicted value,FEV1,FEV1/FEV1predictedvalue,PEF,FEV1/FVC) were recorded with spirometer.Results IL-35levels in the peripheral blood plasma of asthma groups weresignificant lower than those in the control groups. IL-35level of asthma patientsshows no correlation with main pulmonary function indicators(including FVC,FVC/FVC predicted value,FEV1,FEV1/FEV1predicted value,PEF,FEV1/FVC)Conclusions The results indicated that IL-35may be a protect factor of theasthmatic inflammation and observing the change of the level of IL-35may not makefor the airflow obstruction of asthma.