Combined Toxicity Of Liver And Kidney By Lead,Cadmium And Arsenic In The Rats

[Objective] Study on the combined effects of lead, cadmium and arsenic on the liver and kidney,and explore the new method of evaluating the combined effects. To provide scientific basis for mixed exposure of lead, cadmium, arsenic on liver and kidney’damage assessment. To provide a new idea for evaluating the combined effects of mixing chemicals using the biological indicators.[Method] Lead acetate(240mg/L), cadmium chloride(90mg/L) and arsenic trioxide(60mg/L) were administered as drinking water to rats for80d. Activity of AST,ALT in the blood serum and β2-MG,NAG,MT in the urine were detected in the end of the experiment.The ultrastrural changes in the kidney were observed using electron microscopy. The interaction and the combined effects of the three metals were evaluated by factorial analysis and the net effect analysis.[Result] Lead, cadmium, arsenic can cause kidney organ coefficient to increase; cadmium can cause AST level significantly elevated; arsenic’s damage on renal tubular is stronger than lead, cadmium; lead, cadmium, arsenic can both damage the glomerular, lead and cadmium’s injury on the glomerular is obvious; The effect of co-exposure to lead and cadmium on ALT,AST/ALT,bβ2-MG and uβ2-MG,MT level showed additive effect,AST and NAG level showed antagonistic effect.The effect of co-exposure to lead and arsenic on AST,ALT,AST/ALT,bβ2-MG and uβ2-MG,NAG,MT level showed additive effect.The effect of co-exposure to cadmium and arsenic on AST,ALT,bβ2-MG,NAG.level showed additive effect,AST/ALT,uβ2-MG,MT level showed antagonistic effect.The effect of co-exposure to lead, cadmium and arsenic on AST,ALT, bβ2-MG,NAG level showed additive effect,AST/ALT,uβ2-MG showed antagonistic effect,MT showed synergistic effect.The effect of co-exposure to cadmium and arsenic on AST,ALT,bβ2-MG,NAG,level showed additive effect,AST/ALT,uβ2-MG,MT level showed antagonistic effect.Results from the electron microscopy showed that the rats of exposure to lead, arsenic, cadmium and co-exposure to lead、 cadmium and arsenic group were suffering from kidney injury and the cell apoptosis became worse gradually.[Conclusion] Lead, cadmium, arsenic can induce liver and kidney damage in the SD rats. Lead and cadmium and arsenic combined effects on function indexes of liver and renal, mostly showed an additive effect, minority showed a synergistic or antagonistic effect. Figure8, Table9, reference64.