| Objective: Thyroid cancer is the most common head and neck malignanttumor, which includes four kinds of pathological types: papillary carcinoma,follicular carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma and medullary carcinoma. Thepapillary thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent type of thyroid malignancy,which belongs to the low-grade malignant tumor, and accounts forapproximately80%of thyroid carcinomas[1]. In recent years, the morbitity ofpapillary carcinoma increased year by year, the main treatment is a kind ofcomprehensive treatment, which includes surgery therapy, endocrine therapyand radioactive131I treatment. To give radioactive131I treatment to the thyroidcancer cells which still have the ability of iodine intake is good for removal ofresidual lesions, metastasis of lymph nodes and distant metastases (such aspulmonary metastasis and so on). The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS)participates in the process of the uptake of iodide into thyroid cells, and is themain limiting step. It’s becoming a hot research topic gradually since it wasdiscovered. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN) gene is one of the tumor suppressor genes, which was found in recentyears. Its protein participates in many signal transduction pathways, one ofthose is PTEN/PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway, and through thissignal transduction pathway to regulate the expression of NIS gene. Thyroidtranscription factor-1(TTF-1) is a38kda nucleoprotein, it can specificallyidentify the NIS promoter and activate the transcription process. By observingthe NIS, PTEN and TTF-1protein expression in papillary carcinomas withthose in specimens with nodular goiter to reserch their correlation in thyroidpapillary carcinoma, and also to provides the theoretical foundation for theoccurrence, development, judging the prognosis and the therapeutic efficacyof papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods: Choose the40cases specimens from the patients who hadacceptted thyroid surgery resection of papillary thyroid carcinoma sinceJanuary2013to October2013, and took the surgical treatment of nodulargoiter specimens40cases as control group during the same period. Thequalitative and quantitative expression of NIS, PTEN and TTF-1was detectedby immunohistochemical SP in specimens with papillary carcinoma (PTCgroup) and specimens with nodular goiter (control group).SPSS13.0was applied to analyze the results of experiment. P≤0.05indicates significant difference, P≤0.01indicates very significant difference.Results:1The expression of NIS1.1The results detected by IHC: the positive expression rate of NIS in thePTC group is higher than the control group, no statistical difference wasfound between the two groups,(P>0.05). The expression of NIS wasn’tcorrelated with the clinical stages, lymph node metastasis, tumor size,patients’age and gender (P>0.05). Most of the NIS were located atcytoplasm (non-functional location) in the PTC group, on the contrary,most of the NIS were located at cell membrane (functional location) inthe control group.1.2The results detected by FCM: The quantitative expression of NIS in PTCgroup is obviously higher than in control group (P<0.01), withstatistical significance. The expression of NIS wasn’t correlated with theclinical stages, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, patients’ age andgender(P>0.05).2The expression of PTEN protein2.1The results detected by IHC: the positive expression rate of PTEN in thePTC group is obviously lower than in the control group, with statisticalsignificance (P<0.01). The expression of PTEN was correlated withlymph node metastasis (P<0.01), clinical stages (P<0.05), but wasn’tcorrelated with tumor size, patients’ age and gender (P>0.05).2.2The results detected by FCM: The quantitative expression of PTEN protein in PTC group was lower than in control group (P<0.01), withstatistical significance (P<0.05). In PTC group,the expression of PTENwas correlated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.01), clinical stages(P<0.01), but wasn’t correlated with tumor size, patients’ age and gender(P>0.05).3The expression of TTF-1protein3.1The results detected by IHC: The positive expression rate of NIS in thePTC group was lower than in the control group, no statistical differencewas found between the two groups (P>0.05). The expression of TTF-1wasn’t correlated with the clinical stages, lymph node metastasis, tumorsize, patients’ age and gender (P>0.05).3.2The results detected by FCM: The quantitative expression of TTF-1protein in PTC group is higher than in the control group, there’s nostatistical difference (P>0.05). The quantitative expression of TTF-1wasn’t correlated with lymph node metastasis, the clinical stages, tumorsize, patients’ age and gender (P>0.05).4The correlation analysis among the expression of NIS, PTEN and TTF-1protein in PTC tissues.The expression of PTEN and functional NIS was positive correlated (rR=0.556, P=0.000), TTF-1wasn’t correlated with PTEN and NIS(P>0.05).Conclusions:1The three indexes, NIS, PTEN and TTF-1are all expressed in both nodulargoiter tissues and PTC tissues.2The qualitative and quantitative expression of the NIS in PTC tissueswere higher than those in nodular goiter tissues, the qualitativeexpression difference has no statistical significance, but the quantitativeexpression difference do has statistical significance. The expression ofNIS wasn’t correlated with the clinical stages, lymph node metastasis,tumor size, patients’age and gender. This suggested that the NISexpression quantity can be nomal or higher in PTC tissues than in the nodular goiter tissues.3Most of the NIS located at cytoplasm (non-functional location) in thePTC group.This suggested that most of the NIS in the PTC tissues are notlocated at the functional place, that may resulted in the lower ability ofiodine uptake, and may be one of the important reasons impacting theradioactive131I treatment effect. It prompted that by increasing theexpression of NIS protein and making it back to the functional place canimprove the curative effect of radioactive131I treatment.4The quantitative and qualitative expression of PTEN in PTC tissues areobviously lower than in the nodular goiter tissues. It suggested thatPTEN can be used as a diagnostic marker to discriminate between thethyroid benign and malignant lesions. In PTC group, the expression ofPTEN was correlated with lymph node metastasis, clinical stages, butthat wasn’t correlated with tumor size, patients’ age and gender. Itprompts that the lower expression of PTEN in PTC tissues may beassociated with the invasion and metastasis, and the lower expression ofPTEN may be associated with more late clinical stage. It may become apowerful tool for early diagnosis, staging and prognosis to detect thePTEN expression in different tumors.5The quantitative and qualitative expression of TTF-1protein has nostatistical difference in PTC group and the control group. And it wasn’tcorrelated with the clinical stages, lymph node metastasis,tumor size,patients’ age and gender.Cause the protein TTF-1can express well inboth benign and malignant thyroid lesions,it suggested that we can detectthe expression of TTF-1in tumors to provide certain reference for correctjudgment for tumor source.6The expression of PTEN and functional NIS was positive correlated inPTC group, which means that with the decline of PTEN expression, theexpression of functional NIS located in cell membrane also decreased.This suggested that the decreasing expression of functional NIS maycorrelated with abnormal expression of PTEN. Statistical analysis shows that the expression of TTF-1is not correlated with the expression of NISand PTEN. |
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