The Expression Of TSLP In Placental Tissues Of Severe Preeclampsia And Correlated In Regulatory T Cells

As a common obstetric complication, Hypertensive disorderscomplicating pregnancy are a major cause of idiopathic and a serious threat tothe health of pregnant women during the second and third trimesters ofpregnancy. Hypertension and Urinary protein are the main features.Preeclampsia occurs in about3%-10%of the general population. Theincidence varies with geographic location. Hypertensive disorderscomplicating pregnancy include five categories, gestational hypertension,preeclampsia, eclampsia, chronic hypertension with superimposedpreeclampsia or eclampsia and chronic hypertension complicating pregnancy.Preeclampsia is the main reason of maternal and perinatal mortality. Clinicalmanifestations of preeclampsia are complicated. The system damages of eachorgan are imminent. So far there is no accurate means to predict individualonset. There are no effective methods of prevention. According to bloodpressure and Urinary protein levels, preeclampsia conditions are divided intomild and severe. According to clinical time, severe preeclampsia divides toearly-onset severe preeclampsia and late-onset severe preeclampsia. Theearlier onset it is, the worse prognosis and more severe complications.Scholars worldwide have taken an interest in early-onset severe preeclampsiastudies, and early-onset severe preeclampsia has become a hot topic of theworld’s Obstetrics and Gynecology international conference. So far theetiology and pathological mechanisms of the disease is not yet clear. Theresearch is an extremely important issue. With the depth and progress of thestudy, people will be more understanding about the development ofmechanisms, and it well provides a new theoretical basis for susceptiblepopulation screening, prevention and treatment. Current research suggests thatthe pathogenesis of the disease may be associated with placental vascular remodeling disorders, placental ischemia, oxidative stress, immuneimbalances and genetic predisposition. Currently, termination of pregnancy(maternal discharge fetal and appendage) is the only cure, which suggests thatthe onset of preeclampsia is closely related to the materno-fetal immune. TheImmune imbalance mechanism is becoming a hot spot of recent research.Embryos carrying foreign antigens have been able to get "immune escape" dueto the reaction of the maternal immune system to identify paternal antigensproduced by the immune protection, rather than attack. This process shows aparticular type of immune tolerance of pregnancy.An embryo is considered an isotype semi-allograft, with Paternal andmaternal antigens. Its survival depends on the establishment and maintenanceof the womb through maternal immune tolerance. CD4+CD25+regulatory Tcells are a type of immune cells, playing an important role in the immuneresponse of negative adjustment and immune tolerance. Thymic stromallymphopoietin (TSLP) is a hematopoietic factor. In the thymus Hassall’scorpuscles secreting TSLP can activate thymic dendritic cells, inducing theformation of CD4+CD25+Treg. Materno-fetal interface is very similar to thethymus cells in the structure and composition. Whether this mechanism existsin Moterno-fetal interface and whether Treg levels change in preeclampsia hasyet to be studied. Foxp3specific expression in Treg cells, now is aninternationally recognized protein, specifically expressed in Treg.Objective:By studying the expressions of TSLP and Foxp3in normal pregnancy,early-onset and late-onset severe preeclampsia placenta tissue and therelevance between them, present study discusses the pre-immune imbalancemechanism in early-onset and late-onset of severe preeclampsia.Methods:In this study, immunohistochemistry methods were used to detect TSLP,FOXP3in early-onset severe preeclampsia, late-onset severe preeclampsia andnormal placenta tissues. The experimental data are statistically analyzed withSPSS16.0statistical software. The Spearman rank correlation analysis is applied to analyze the relationships of TSLP and FOXP3expression, with atest level of α <0.05.Results:1Comparison of clinical general information: the difference betweennormal pregnancy（Group A）, early-severe preeclampsia （Group B）andlate-onset severe preeclampsia（Group C） of pregnant women was notstatistically significant on age and termination when comparing gestationalage (P>0.05).2On comparison of TSLP expression levels among the three groups:TSLP have been expressed in all the Villi tissues. The TSLP expression levelsof groups B and C were lower than group A. The difference was statisticallysignificant (P <0.05), and the difference between group B and group C werestatistically significant (P <0.05).3On comparison of Foxp3expression levels among the three groups:The Foxp3expression levels of groups B and C were lower than group A. Thedifference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the difference betweengroups B and C were statistically significant (P <0.05).4In placental tissue, the TSLP and Foxp3levels were positivelycorrelated (r=0.71, P <0.05).Conclusion:1TSLP, Foxp3are both expressed in normal third trimester placentalvilli.2TSLP protein levels decreased during severe preeclampsia. Foxp3,which is the specific transcription factor of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells,reduced during the severe preeclampsia decidua positive expression rate.3The TSLP and Foxp3levels in the early-onset group were significantlylower than the late-onset, and the differences were statistically significant. Theimmune suppression in both groups weakened, but in different degrees. It isassumed that maternal-fetal immune tolerance imbalance and immunerejection enhance would led to the occurrence of severe preeclampsia. Besides,there might be a difference between the immune suppression mechanisms of early-onset and late-onset.4TSLP reduction is related to the reduction of the Treg cells in localizedplacenta, which suggests that TSLP may play an important role in severepreeclampsia in regards to Treg cell differentiation.