Ultrasonic Examination Of Lower Extremity Atherosclerosis And Its Risk Factor Analysis

Objective：Detect the double lower extremity arteries of the samples through Color DopplerUltrasound Detecting Technology in order to discuss the clinical characteristics ofLEASD，make retrospective analysis on the relationship between LEASD and thepossible risk factors, such as gender, age, smoking, drinking, blood pressure, bloodglucose, blood lipid and body mass index so as to screen out the high risk factors ofLEASD in order to serve the clinical prevention.Method:Select351patients who took clinic ultrasonic testing in China-Japan UnionHospital between January,2012and December,2013as the research objects atrandom, examine the double lower extremity arteries of the subjects through ColorDoppler Ultrasonography, divide the lower extremity arteries into normal artery groupand LEASD group (including samples whose partial arterial wall is thickened,samples with plaques which have not caused narrow or blocked lumen, samples withirregular narrow lumen, mild, moderate and severe if graded according to severity ofillness, samples with parts of the segments of blocked lumen) and record the positionand grade of LEASD. Use SPSS19.0statistic software to make x2test on thecounting data and there is statistical difference if P<0.05; make statistics analysis onthe possible risk factors of LEASD, including gender, age, smoking, drinking, bloodpressure, blood glucose, blood lipid and body mass index; firstly, use x2test on thecounting data and there is statistical difference if P<0.05and then absorb multi-factorlogistic regression analysis in order to select the influence factors that have statisticalsignificance.Results:1. the lower extremity artery conditions of the351samples: there are130samples with normal arteries (37.03%),7samples whose arterial wall is thickened(1.99%),186samples with plaques which have not caused narrow or blocked lumen(52.99%) and13samples with narrow lumen (3.70%); thereinto, if graded accordingto mild, moderate and severe, the case number should be2,3and8in sequence and there are15patients with blocked lumen (4.27%).2. LEASD disease regions of the351samples:111common femoral arteries,96superficial femoral arteries,102popliteal arteries,95anterior tibial arteries,161dorsalis pedis arteries and68posterior tibial arteries are affected.3. LEASD affected arterial segment of the351samples:20common femoralarteries,10superficial femoral arteries,9popliteal arteries,44dorsalis pedis arteriesand2posterior tibial arteries are affected.4. Plaque affected position of patients with plaques which have not causednarrow or blocked lumen:80common femoral arteries,63superficial femoral arteries,74popliteal arteries,68anterior tibial arteries,137dorsalis pedis arteries and48posterior tibial arteries are affected.5.There’re70patients who take both LEASD and diabetes of the351samples，LEASD disease regions of the70samples:34common femoral arteries,34superficialfemoral arteries,37popliteal arteries,41anterior tibial arteries,54dorsalis pedisarteries and33posterior tibial arteries are affected.6. conduct x2test with LEASD as dependent variable and gender, age, smoking,drinking, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid and body mass index asindependent variables and then it is obtained that male, aging, smoking, drinking, highblood pressure, high blood glucose and high blood lipid are risk factors of LEASD(P<0.05). Make multi-factor unconditioned logistic stepwise regression analysis ongender, aging, smoking, drinking, high blood pressure, high blood glucose and highblood lipid and it is acquired that male, aging and high blood glucose are high-risk.Conclusions:1.male, aging, smoke, high blood pressure and high blood glucose are the riskfactors of LEASD2.male, aging and high blood glucose are the high risk factors of LEASD.3.drinking, hyperlipidemia and BMI couldn’t considered to be a risk factor forLEASD.4.The most common involvement site of LEASD is the dorsalis pedis artery.5. the scanning of lower extremities through Color Doppler Ultrasound isconducive to the early diagnosis and disease course assessment of LEASD lesion;Color Doppler Ultrasound is a noninvasive, convenient and fast, accurate andinexpensive inspection method for LEASD scanning.