| Objectives:The purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism of cardiovascular disease affected by the cold air activities through the observation and analysis of some sensitive indicators of cardiovascular disease related to the cold air, such as blood lipids, Myoglobin (MB), Cardiac Troponin (cTnT), Endothelin (ET-1), Vascular Angiotensin (ANG â…¡), Dopamine (DA), Adrenaline (AD), Norepinephrine (NE) and Blood Rheology indicators.Methods:As a critical place in the northwestern way of cold air in China, Zhangye City of Gansu Province was chosen as the study place. People from Zhangye city aged between40and70years old, including73patients (male34,female39)of cardiovascular disease and75health(male35,female40), were recruited as study subjects. Before, during and after the pass of two cold air processes happening in November and December of2012, blood samples of studied subjects were collected and determined for the change of blood lipids, Myoglobin (MB), Cardiac Troponin (cTnT), Dopamine (DA), Adrenaline (AD), Norepinephrine (NE), Endothelin (ET-1), Vascular Angiotensin (ANG â…¡), and Blood Rheology indicators. Then, all the determined indicators were analyzed to explore the mechanism of cold air affected cardiovascular diseases.Results:1. The cold air activities and the studied populationBoth the two cold air activities in November and December of2012were moderate in intensity. According to the inclusion criteria of this study, the final included cases and control groups were73and75people, respectively, who completed the entire course of the study. There are no significant differences of sex and age structure between the two groups (P>0.05).2. The results of blood lipidsCompared with the result before the cold air activities, significant rise of T-CHOL was found during and after the pass of the two cold air activities in both groups; Likewise, the TG level also showed a similar result, but a parabolic trend. The level of HDL-C was found to decline significantly especially after the cold air activities.The level of LDL-C changed positively with the time of cold air activities in case group, where the highest level was found after the cold air activities, while a parabolic trend was found in the control group.3. The results of the myocardial injury markers (MB, cTnT) The level of MB showed a declining trend (P<0.05), while the cTnT showed a parabolic trend before, during and after the cold air activities in both groups (P<0.05).4. The results of vasoconstrictor substances (catecholamine, ET-1, ANG â…¡)(1) The results of catecholamineThe level of DA showed a parabolic change, in which it declined significantly after the cold air activities compared with before and during (P<0.05). The level of blood AD in both groups and blood NE in the control group increased significantly during cold air process and recovered after that, though significantly higher than the first result. However, the NE level in the case group increased during the cold air activities but declined after that, which was found to be significantly lower than the initial result.(2) Results of ET-1and ANG â…¡A parabolic change was found both in the level of ET-1and ANG â…¡ in groups during the entire cold air processes. The level of ET-1in case group was lower after the cold air activities than before and during after t, while higher in the control group after the cold air activities than during and after(P<0.05). However, the ET-1level in the control group increased during the cold air activities but declined after that, which was found to be significantly lower than the first result.The level of ANG â…¡ in both groups increased significantly during and after the cold air activities than before.5Results of blood Rheology(1) Results of the whole blood viscosityThe level of the whole blood low shear viscosity, middle shear viscosity and high shear viscosity in the case group showed a change trend was found in the control group, the WBV level of which declined during the cold air activities compared the other two results (P<0.05).(2) Results of the whole blood reductive viscosityA persistent increase of whole blood low shear and middle shear reductive viscosity was found both in the case group or the control group during the entire cold air activities. A parabolic change was found in the level of the whole blood high shear reductive viscosity in the case group, with the highest value observed during the cold air stress(P<0.05), while it changed in the opposite trend in the control group with the lowest value in the middle of cold air stress(P<0.05).(3) Results of red blood cells related index During the entire cold air activities observation, the level of erythrocyte deformation index, electrophoresis index and aggregation index all showed a persistent rising trend in the both group with the highest level at the last observation time point. The level of the erythrocyte rigidity index showed a parabolic change with the highest level at the middle while still higher in the end comparedwith the beginning value (P<0.05).(4) Results of plasma viscosity, hematocrit, and erythrocyte sedimentation rateThe level of plasma viscosity in both group showed a parabolic change during the whole observational period with the highest level at the second observation period, while an opposite change trend was found in the level of erythrocyte sedimentationwith the lowest value at the second observation. There was a persistent declining change in the level of hematocrit both in case and control group during the whole cold air observational period (P<0.05).Conclusions:1. The higher occurrence of cardiovascular diseases during the cold air activities may have been contributed by the significant effect of cold air over their sensitive indicators likeblood lipid, Myocardial injury markers (MB.cTnT), Vasoconstrictor substance (catecholamine, ET-1, ANG â…¡)and the Blood rheology indicators.2. The population with cardiovascular diseases may be more prone to be affected by the cold air activities because of their weaker self-regulating system under the cold stress, indicated by the level of indicators in the healthy people recovered while they are still high after cold air in the case group. |
PDF Full Text Request