Duodenal-jejunal Bypass Surgery On Type2Diabetic Rats Reduces MMP-9and TIMP-1Expression In The Thoracic Aorta

BackgroundBariatric surgery offers a productive resolution of type2diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The development of T2DM vasculopathy is due to chronic inflammation, which increases matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) expression. This study sought to examine MMP-9and TIMP-1expression in the thoracic aorta after duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery on a T2DM rat model induced by a high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin (STZ).MethodsTwenty-one T2DM Wistar rats induced by high-fat diet and low dose STZ were randomly divided into DJB and sham duodenal-jejunal bypass (S-DJB) groups. Ten Wistar rats were fed a normal diet as a control. Recovery of gastrointestinal function post-operation and resumption of a normal diet completed the experiment. Body weight, blood glucose, blood lipid levels, and MMP-9and TIMP-1expression levels in aortic endothelial cells were measured throughout.ResultsDJB rats showed significant weight loss2weeks post-operation compared with S-DJB rats. After surgery, DJB rats showed significant improvement and steady glycemic control with improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. They also exhibited improved lipid metabolism with a decrease in fasting free fatty acids (FFAs) and triglycerides (all P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed decreased MMP-9and TIMP-1expression12weeks after surgery(P<0.01).Conclusions DJB surgery on an induced T2DM rat model improves blood glucose levels and lipids, following a high-fat diet and low dose STZ treatment. In addition, DJB decreased MMP-9and TIMP-1expression in vascular endothelial cells, which may play an important role in delaying the development of T2DM vascular disease.