On The Relation Of "Tao","Shi" And The Scholars’ Spiritual Transcendence In Pre-Qin Period

The Tao is the core category of thoughts of the Pre-Qin period, which have also originated Pre-Qin various theories. The basic values of being a man played an important role in the Tao so that the scholars have paid more attention to that. In ancient times, the Shi is a kind of political power that based on compelling force, which refer to political power to a large extent, especially to the monarch power. The Contradiction between the Tao and the Shi was first proposed by the Confucian school, scholars have strong demand to enter official career, who attempted to change the monarchy and benefit to the people by the Tao, whereas entering bureaucratic system, they would cater to the monarch inevitably and do some things beneath the moral. The monarchy was in the charge of the Shi, who strengthened the Shi by all means on the one hand, on the other hand brought in the elite to obtain the reputation, but rejected the threat of the Tao. The contradiction above-mentioned is the critical conflict between the Tao and the Shi. Therefore, comprehending the relationship between the Tao and the Shi well and truly have great significance to understand the mental state of Pre-Qin scholars and to clarify the development course of the Confucianism by analyzing the relationship between the Pre-Qin monarch and scholars.