The Study On The Policy Of China—oriented Agricultural Insurance Legislation

Agriculture is a basic industry which is related to national interest and people’s livelihood and at the same time is also a kind of weak industry faced with a number of risks, such as technical risk and market risk, and also natural risk that is irresistible. Once these risks occur, would cause huge loss to society especially agricultural production and trigger food crisis, which not only produce an effect on peasants, but also spread out across the country, and become a force for unrest. In order to transfer, get rid of and disperse risks of natural disasters, guarantee the stabilization of agricultural production, and protect the rights and vital interests of the rural residents, our government puts more and more emphasis on the status and role of agricultural insurance as a means to protect and develop agriculture.Our country has developed agricultural insurance since1950s and lasted for60years, and it is nearly more than ten years since from the policy-oriented agricultural insurance has been confirmed by legal, to has started experiment work in several provinces, and to has started nationwide pilot projects. Although there are many troubles and detours during this period, significant achievements have been made in general, and has accumulated some experience. Such as treat farmers’ benefits as fundamental starting point, explore various models in developing agricultural insurance the authorities and the society should pay enough attention, and clear the policy character of agricultural insurance, and so on.United States, France, Japan and other developed countries have a long history in developing agricultural insurance, after comparing and analyzing the legislative policy, development model of agricultural insurance, we have got some beneficial enlightenments. And at the same time we can also learn the weaknesses and problems in developing agricultural insurance. Such as agricultural insurance legislation is unsound, government policy support dynamics is insufficient, reinsurance and risk-spreading mechanism are deficient, and so on. These are the urgent problems to be solved in future.Lacking effective legislative guarantee and legal restraint is an obstacle that baffles the further development of our country’s policy-oriented agricultural insurance. In future we should follow the principles of social standard, basic security, government support, combination of compulsory and voluntary, and adjusting measures to local conditions, accelerate policy-oriented agricultural insurance legislative pace.