Process Of Duck In The Separation And Extraction Of Lecithin

China is one of the world’s biggest duck feeding country, Duck industry is an important aquaculture industry, Its history is very long and the development is fast, Duck industry in China has been able to industrialization, large-scale commodity production, it has the special economic and social value. At this stage, the use of duck is the duck, the egg and the feather. With a minimal number use of duck offal, especially duck liver. The duck liver have been sold fresh as fish feed by most of the enterprises, some people use it for cooking edible directly. Its nutritional value and economic value have not been fully utilized. However, the duck liver is rich in lecithin. The Lecithin is called "the century’s greatest health food". It has rich nutritional, health and medicinal value, In order to develop the value-added of duck liver, This paper mainly studies:Ultrasonic assisted extraction of duck liver lecithin; Enzymatic further extraction of duck liver lecithin; Alumina column chromatography purification refined lecithin and on the purified lecithin qualitative and quantitative analysis; Analysis of fatty acid composition of lecithin components. The results are as follows:1. Use duck liver as raw material, through the acetic ether degreasing treatment, ultrasonic assisted extraction, through the single factor experiment and the response surface experiment, the optimum process conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of duck liver lecithin was determined:ultrasonic temperature34.908℃,ultrasonic time43.248min,94.7225%ethanol concentration, ethanol volume17.3425mL. Duck liver lecithin extraction rate can reach76.47%. Obtained by this method lecithin extraction rate is not very high, we need to find new way to further improve the extraction rate of lecithin.2. In order to improve the extraction rate, on the basis of ultrasound-assisted extraction, adding the protease, hydrolysis of lipoprotein, phospholipids are released, to further enhance the extraction of lecithin, through the single factor experiment and the response surface experiment, determined the enzymatic method to further strengthen the technological conditions of extracting lecithin:optimal enzyme reaction time was2.22h, optimal enzyme dosage was3090.32u, the best enzyme reaction temperature was45.4978℃. After enzymatic extraction, lecithin extraction rate can be increased to:87.51%.3. After ultrasound-assisted extraction and enzymatic extraction of duck liver lecithin. The extraction rate reached a high level, but the purity of the lecithin is very low, only42.37%, as the goal to improve the purity of lecithin, through the alumina column chromatography of crude extract, lecithin was purified to optimize the selection of purification conditions, alumina column chromatography optimum conditions:alumina mesh size:100-200mesh, eluent concentration of95%, elution flow rate of3.5mL/min, the best to upload sample concentration of0.2g/mL, optimal sample quantity of4.25g.4. Under the optimal chromatographic conditions, do validation experiments, and do qualitative detection of purified lecithin by TLC determination. The experiment extract and egg yolk lecithin standard spotting in the same silica gel plate, obtained lecithin spots of the same Rf value, by comparing spot size and brightness as well as the impurity spots, found that high purity of lecithin extracted through this method, with fewer impurities. Purified lecithin purity reached by phosphorus brilliant blue phosphate determination method measurement. Purity of the product:90.37%, product yield:86.51%.5. The purified lecithin after the fatty acid composition analysis, comparative analysis of commercially available egg yolk lecithin and soybean lecithin:the different types of lecithin are rich in fatty acids, including duck liver lecithin in25kinds of fatty acid, lecithin in28kinds of fatty acids in soybean lecithin, there are28kinds of fatty acids. Fatty acid type and content of which contains different, containing a variety of unsaturated fatty acid, and unsaturated fatty acids in three kinds of lecithin were higher than saturated fatty acids. After testing, three kinds of lecithin all contain essential fatty acid.The extraction of lecithin can provide method and basis for the enterprise production.