Based On The Best Analysis Granularity Of The City In The Rural Settlement Landscape Pattern And Its Optimization Mode

At present, China is in the transition period of economic and social development, the rural development has entered a new stage. The urban-rural relationship, settlement space and rural development are faced with the new question of transformation and reconstruction. Study on rural settlement landscapes not only revealed the relationship between rural settlement, environment and production, but also is good for the land use planning and the layout of rural settlements.In this paper, based on the human geography, the sustainable development theory and landscape ecology theory as the guide, the author took Zhenjiang of Jiangsu Province as an object to do the research. Taking the Zhenjiang land use status data and the economic statistics as the date base, the author applied with mathematical statistics, GIS spatial analysis, landscape pattern analysis, comparative analysis and other research methods.The main conclusion include:(1) In order to get the optimization-scale, the Zhenjiang land use status data was charted in20different multiple grain sizes of30m,60m,90m,etc, using the space analysis software-ArcGIS9.3. Based on the Landscape pattern analysis software-Fragstat3.3, we calculated9indices in20analysis scale. Finally,120m is defined as the optimization-scale by6sensitive indexes.(2)Based on the optimization-scale, nine indices in class level were chosen to describe the rural settlement pattern of Zhenjiang. The farmland is the type that has highest neighboring length with the rural settlement, suggesting a complex and close relationship between them. The water land is the second neighboring type, reflecting the characteristics of the regions south of the Yangtze River. In the scale, the rural settlements in Zhenjiang are generally in small scale, with the characteristic of low concentration in size distribution. And the low concentration area located mainly in the areas along the Yangtze River. In the spatial distribution, through the Average near index, it is found that the distribution of Zhenjiang rural settlement is in a concentration mode. But there is a spatial difference among different district. Landscape of rural settlement pattern obviously showed "hilly-plains-the embankment areas" pattern in Zhenjiang, and terrain, the farming environment and urbanization maybe the reasons that cause the difference.(3) The natural and social economic factors impact on rural settlement landscape pattern. Studies show that the urban landscape pattern is the largest factors of the rural settlements, followed by the river. Because of the complexity of traffic, it is second only to the rivers and towns.(4) The paper presents the optimization countermeasures of the landscape pattern. Using the method of landscape pattern index, the paper analyzed the optimization of the rural settlement:cluster development mode, merge development mode and retained development mode. Indexes of landscape pattern have different variation tendency.This method provides a method of dynamic monitoring of landscape pattern.