Research On Rural Landscape Pattern And Settlement (Farmhouse Forests’) Pattern In Xujia Town,Dujiangyan City

The integration of urban and rural areas has been across the boundaries of the urban-rural dual structure, and has made the countryside into the urban development plan. Where will the village go? What fate is it facing now? Rural reform and the new socialist countryside planning and construction have been executed roundly across the country villages. The "city back-feeding countryside" plan has grown vigorously, could this plan retain the last local characteristics, when it changes the rural areas?The countryside in West Sichuan Plain is the human and natural symbiosis landscape that had developed for over300years in Shu area, especially the farmhouse forests scattering in the fertile field, are the most representative living mode among these local characteristics. In recent years, due to the crazy expansion of the urban development, the original peaceful villages gradually become more and more prosperous as the scenes in the post-industrial era were. And new rural communities rise massively out of the ground, which drop sharply the farmhouse forests, thus, the future of the farmhouse forests get the attention of many scholars.The scholars just discuss qualitatively the farmhouse forest landscape, and almost do not involve in the quantitative study. I attempt to try this unknown research area, to explore the pattern of the rural landscape and the pattern of its settlements (especially the farmhouse forests) in West Sichuan Plain, and hope to put forward views about the protection of the farmhouse forests, new countryside construction and modern garden city construction in Chengdu.This paper chooses (former) Xujia town in Dujiangyan city for the object of study, taking QuickBird remote sensing satellite image with0.6m resolution as the original data. Under the guidance of the theory of landscape ecology, combined with GIS technology and Fragstats software of landscape pattern analysis, the paper studied the landscape patterns of this town, in particular analyzed the landscape patterns of the town’s traditional settlements and the farmhouse forests. The results are as follows:(1) Xujia town landscape can be divided into four landscape grades, which are Landscape Area. Landscape Classes. Landscape Sub-Classes and Landscape Units. According to the land use types, the paper divided and summarized landscape types of each landscape grade.(2) Based on the landscape types of landscape classes, the paper used farmland, woodland, orchard, waters, buildings and roads for landscape patch types. According to analysis results of Fragstats software, Xujia town landscape has these characteristics:the high Patch Density (269.7732individuals/km2), the high Landscape Division (0.9930). the low landscape Shannon’s diversity (1.3300), which reflects a high degree of landscape fragmentation and low landscape heterogeneity in this town, and reveals the less land use types. and the scattered patterns.(3) Tlirough the coniparativo analysis of the landscape patterns of14administrative villages in Xujia town. Which focuses on comparison analysis of Patch Density (PD), Landscl,tpe Division (DIVISION), and the: perceiltage of the farmland and buildings occupied each village area. the analysis results show that PD. DIVISION and the percentage of the farmland in Yangcha village and Gaoqiao village adjoining to Dujiangyan city are lower than the other1? villages, while the proportion of buildings is higher than the12villages significantly. which reveals the changes brought about by urban sprawl on the rural landscape.(4)Tlic settlement patches of the town is t;unierotis, their degree of separation is up to0.9964, fai-nthouse forests distribute dispersedty. which causes a waste of land resources to a ccrtairt eatcnt. Calculate the Perimeter-Area Fractal Dumension (PAFRAC) of the settlement pattern, its result is1.2063.Which refleas that the average patch shape is close to the geoinetric shape (square or circle), the, profile tends to be regular. This csalculated results match with the "disc" shape character of the farmhouse torests.(5) In. AreGIS. the overlay analysis of vector data and the straight-line distance analysis of raster data show that the road system. water system and arable radius have a direct impact on the space disributen of settlcmeuts.(6) The farmhouse forest units have diversitied features in their configurations and shapes. According to their shapes. the farmhouse forests can be divided into nearly square. nearly round, ribbon, composite shape. Among there. nearly square farmhouse forests and nearly round farmhouse forests leave the most quantity. the sum of both the number proportions is over80%, which is consistent with traditional farmhouse forests’ geometry characteristics. Due to the compound mode differences of the residences and forests. the farinhouse forests can be divided into5types. which are forests behind residences residences behind forests, forests inside residences, residences inside forests, residences and forests interacting. fhe "residences and forests interacting" type is most common. its percentage of the number sum of the farmhouse forest is nearly50%; the space distributions of residences include unique style, scattered style, cluster style, cluster compound style. scatter and cluster compound style. Scatter and cluster compound style is used mostly, with28.6%proportion; the house forms cover "--" courtyard."L" courtyard. three sides closed courtyard, four sides closed courtyard. According to the above analysis results, summarize the advantages and the disadvantages of the landscape patterns in the Xujia town, and discuss the values to the new rural construction and the modern garden city construction in Chengdu.The advantageous Landscape patterns are the identity rural scenery, such as the "Chessboard-Network" landscape configuration. group settlement mode as farmhouse forests’patterns. the big farmhouse forest with high shape identification and diversified combination, the farmhouse forest’s living space with the human scale, etc., which should be used for the creational focus as regional rural landscape features and be made for the new community planning guidelines. The inadequacies of the landscape pattern, such as the high degree of landscape fragmentation, immense road systems and water systems and their incomplete function, low forest coverage, scattered settlement layout that causes landwastage, etc., should be resolved in particular in the new rural planning. The landscape elements of "field, garden, forest, water, houses" and the structure between them, may be able to become the paradigms for the construction of the Chengdu modern garden city.