| Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi are subterranean rodents which lives on our country. Belong to the genus Myospalax family of Cricetidae, they are good materials for hypoxia research.1. In order to discuss blood gas, acid-base properties and electrolyte properties adaptation mechanisms under hypoxia, the blood gas index of Myospalax cansus stressed under low oxygen (10.5%) condition for7d,14d,21d,28d were detected and compared with Rattus norvegicus. The results are as follows:There was no significant difference of PO2, PaO2-PvO2, SvO2and oxygen utilization rate between normoxia group and hypoxia groups of Myospalax cansus (P>0.05). SaO2in hypoxia groups of Myospalax cansus was higher (P<0.05) than that in normoxia group. There was no significant difference of PvO2, SvO2and oxygen utilization rate between normoxia group and hypoxia groups of Rattus norvegicus (P>0.05). SaO2in hypoxia groups of Rattus norvegicus was lower than that in normoxia group (P<0.05).Under normal oxygen condition, PvO2and SvO2in Myospalax cansus were significantly lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01), but oxygen utilization rate was significantly higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). Under low oxygen condition, PvO2and SvO2in Myospalax cansus were significantly lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01), but oxygen utilization rate was significantly higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). PaO2in Myospalax cansus were significantly higher than that in Rattus norvegicus at14,21,28d time points (P<0.01). SvO2in Myospalax cansus was significantly higher than that in Rattus norvegicus at28d points (P<0.01). In conclusion, Myospalax cansus has strong ability to uptake and utiliza oxygen. Under low oxygen condition, Rattus norvegicus unable to take in sufficient oxygen, its organism has been in a hypoxic state.Hb and Hct in hypoxia groups of Myospalax cansus and Rattus norvegicus were higher than that in normoxia group (P<0.05). Under normal oxygen condition, there was no significant difference of Hb between normoxia group and hypoxia groups of Myospalax cansus (P>0.05), but Hct in Myospalax cansus was significantly lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). Under low oxygen condition, Hb and Hct were lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.05). In conclusion, Myospalax cansus can improve Hb to get more oxygen avoiding high blood viscosity. To improve Hb is one of the mechanism to combat low oxygen, but it was unable to avoid high blood viscosity.PaCO2in Myospalax cansus at21d points was lower than that under normoxia condition (0.01<P<0.05), at28d point significantly than that under normoxia condition (P<0.01). Under low oxygen condition, pHa, pHa-pHv and PvCO2-PaCO2in Rattus norvegicus increased (0.01<P<0.05), PaCO2, HCO3-, TCO2and BE decreased (P<0.05). Under normal oxygen condition, HCO3-v-HCO3-a, TCO2v-TCO2a, pHa, pHa-pHv and PvCO2-PaCO2in Myospalax cansus were higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.05), PCO2a was significantly lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). At14d time point, pHv in Myospalax cansus was significantly lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). Under low oxygen condition, pHa, pHa-pHv, PvC02-PaCO2, HCO3-v, HCO3-HCO3-a, TCO2v, TCO2v-TCO2a and BEv were higher than that in Rattus norvegicus, PaCO2significantly lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). At7d,21d and28d time points, HCO3-and TCO2a in Myospalax cansus were lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.05). In conclusion, Myospalax cansus has strong tolerance to pH variation. It can maintain blood acid-base balance under low oxygen condition, but Rattus norvegicus blood acid-base balance was influenced.There was no significantly difference of Na+, K+, iCa2+, Na+v-Na+a, K+v-K+a and iCa2+v-iCa2+a between normoxia group and hypoxia groups of Myospalax cansus (P>0.05). At28d time point, Na+v, Na+a and iCa2+a in Myospalax cansus decreased (0.01<P<0.05), but iCa2+v-iCa2+increased (0.01<P<0.05). Under normal oxygen condition, K+v-K+a and iCa2+a in Myospalax cansus were higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). At7d and28d time points, K+v-K+a in Myospalax cansus was higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (0.01<P<0.05). At14d and21d time points, Ca2+v-iCa2+a in Myospalax cansus was higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.05). In conclusion, it can maintain blood electrolyte balance under low oxygen condition, but Rattus norvegicus blood electrolyte balance was influenced.2. In order to understand the characteristics of Hb whice content is highest in erythrocyte, we measure its molecular weight. The research shows that hemoglobin in Rattus norvegicus has five types. Hemoglobin in Myospalax cansus has four types, the content of the slowest hemoglobin bands is highest, which molecular weight is57.31kD. We inferred that the types and structure of hemoglobin in Myospalax cansus has changed. Because the content of57.31kD protein is very high, in addition to its molecular weight is very similar to the erythrocyte selenium binding protein which molecular weight is56kD, we inferred that there is56kD selenium binding protein in Myospalax cansus erythrocyte.3. In order to discuss the effect of different altitude on blood gas characteristics, Myospalax baileyi which living in the high altitude environment was transferred to low altitude conditions, compared its blood gas characteristics to that in the high altitude. The research shows that there was no significant difference of pH, pHa-pHv and PaCO2-PvCO2between low altitude group and high altitude group of Myospalax cansus. PaO2, PvO2, PaO2-PvO2and SvO2in low altitude group were higher than that in high altitude group. SaO2in low altitude group was slight higher than that in high altitude group. PaCO2, PvCO2and SaO2-SvO2in in low altitude group was lower in low altitude group. In conclusion, higher O2and lower CO2concentration relatively can influenced PO2, PCO2and SvO2in Myospalax baileyi, but it has little effect on pH and SaO2.4.1n order to investigate the blood gas characteristics, acid-base balance and electrolyte characteristics in subterranean rodents under normal oxygen condition, we compared those indexes in Myospalax cansus, Myospalax baileyi and Rattus norvegicus which have adpted at normal oxygen condition for4weeks. The research shows that there was no significant difference of PvO2, PaO2, PaO2-PvO2, SvO2, SaO2and oxygen utilization rate between Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi (P>0.05). Their PvO2and SvO2were significantly lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01), but oxygen utilization was significantly higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). There was no significant difference of Hba, Hbv, Hcta and Hctv between Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi (P>0.05). But their Hcta and Hctv were significantly lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). Blood acid-base characteristics in Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi were different from Rattus norvegicus, but the characteristics in Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi were similar. pHa-pHv, HCO3-v-HCO3-a, TCO2v-TCO2a and PvCO2-PaCO2in Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi were higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.05), PaCO2in Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi was significantly lower han that in Rattus norvegicus (P<0.01). There was no significant difference of Na+,K+, iCa2+, Na+v-Na+a, K+v-K+a and iCa2+v-iCa2+a in Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi (P>0.05). K+a in Myospalax baileyi was lower than that in Rattus norvegicus (0.01<P<0.05), but K+v-K+a in Myospalax baileyi was higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (0.01<P<0.05). K+v-K+a, iCa2+a and iCa2+v in Myospalax cansus was higher than that in Rattus norvegicus (0.01<P<0.05).The result prompted that the blood gas characteristics, acid-base balance and electrolyte characteristics in Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi were similar, but they are different from Rattus norvegicus. Hb in Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi can release more oxygen. Their Hct is lower to reduce the blood viscosity, circulation resistance, reduce the burden on the heart, it is benefit to improve the ability to transport oxygen in the blood. In addition, they have strong tolerance to acid-base variation.In conclusion, some blood characteristics in Myospalax cansus is different from Rattus norvegicus. The types and structure of hemoglobin in Myospalax cansus has changed. Under normal oxygen condition, Myospalax cansus can improve Hb to get more oxygen avoiding high blood viscosity. Myospalax cansus has strong ability to uptake and utiliza oxygen, maintain blood acid-base balance and electrolyte balance. In conclusion, higher O2and lower CO2concentration relatively can influenced PO2, PCO2and SvO2in Myospalax baileyi, but it has little effect on pH and SaO2. Under normal oxygen condition, the blood gas characteristics, acid-base balance and electrolyte characteristics in Myospalax cansus and Myospalax baileyi were similar and better than that in Rattus norvegicus. |
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