Preliminary Study Pathological Damage And Immune Mechanisms Of Injury In Children With Severe HFMD Death Major Organs

The First Part The pathological damage of important organs to the dead children with severe HFMDObject:To observe the the main pathological injury and changes of the dead children caused by severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Furthermore to oberve the relation between changes and death. They may provide objective basis for clinical prevention and treatment of the disease.Method:To collect7cases of dead children caused by severe HFMD that have been identified though clinical trial. To dissect them respectively and extract all the vital organs. To leave parts of each organ and cryopreservation. The rest are fixed, common dyeing production, and then to oberve the pathological morphological changes.Results:The children with severe HFMD have herpes on the parts of hand foot and mouth. Besides their hearts, lungs, brains and spleens also have obvious pathological changes:1. Heart:The myocardial cell edema and there focal inflammatory cell infiltration in the inner,outer membranes and the stroma.2. The lung:the blood capillary of Alveolar walls expanding hyperemia and Part of them bleeding. There are several chronic inflammatory cells infiltration in the Alveolar walls and see phagocytes phagocytose fragments. Alveolar cavity contains grout formation, part of alveolar cavity have many cellulose and inflammatory cells. Part of bronchioles and alveolar cavity with hyaline membrane formation. The lung lymph node reactive hyperplasia, Lymphoid follicular hyperplasia, germinal cente expansion, Deputy cortex atrophy, lymphocytes decrease.3. The brain:The brain edema, glial cell proliferation, vascular weeks gap widened. There were satellite phenomenon and several nerve cell Focal necrosis, Glial cell hyperplasia and microglia nodules forming and see lymphocytes set phenomena in the Interstitial blood.4. Spleen and intestinal lymph node:The splenic corpuscle enlarged, and there are necrosis of broken of the cell debris in the splenic corpuscle and splenic cord. Lymph nodes and lymphoid follicular hyperplasia, the germinal center Expansion, tissue cells proliferation. Medullary sinus expansion, many necrosis cell fragments in the medullary sinus and Mononuclear cells engulf phenomenon.Conclusion:1. Children with severe HFMD may cause serious damage to important organs such as heart, lung, brain and immune organs such as spleen, lymph nodes.2. There has Direct relationship between thethe serious damage of the children’s heart, lung and brain that with the HFMD and death. HFMD could lead to multiple organ failure and dysfunction such as heart, lung, Eventually lead to death. 3. The body’s immune organs such as spleen, lymph nodes in HFMD played an important role in occurrence and development process.The Second Part Detecting the expression of CD3+, CD4+and CD8+T cells from the children’s spleen tissues of HFMD with Immunohistochemical techniquesObject:To observe the changes of T lymphocyte subsets in spleen from the children with serere HFMD. Having a Preliminary discussion of the effects injury and death of the children with HFMD to the cellular immunity. To provide some objective basis for study the pathological changes and pathogenesis of HFMD.Method:Extracting the7dead children’s spleen that with HFMD above as the experimental group, then extracting5dead children’s spleen that non of disease as the control group.the spleen fixed by Neutral formaldehyde solution, Paraffin embedding, Tissue section then Immunohistochemical staining. Observe the expressing of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+T cells with Light microscopy. The last have a Image analysis.Results:The CD3+, CD4+, CD8+T cells mainly in the lymph sheath surrounding around the splenic artery. The CD3+, CD4+, CD8+T cells in spleen tissues of dead children with severe HFMD decreased significantly compared with normal spleen tissue.Conclusion:The T lymphocyte in the spleen of the dead children with HFMD generally decrease. it is prompted that the immune system of children with HFMD were serious destructed, Especially the cell-mediated immunity. Damage to the immune system may be the root cause to the dead children with HFMD.