Retrieval - Induced Forgetting Mechanism To Explore: Behavioral And ERPs Research

Retrieval-induced forgetting refers to repeated retrieval practice of some memories associated to a cue induces forgetting of other memories sharing that cue. This is a universal effect. Retrieval practice paradigm is used to study this phenomenon.At present, most researchers have asserted using inhibition theory to explain retrieval-induced forgetting. According to this view, competitors are actively inhibited during retrieval practice. This paper systematically reviews four characteristics on retrieval-induced forgetting supported inhibition theory, controversies in researches of characteristics, and cognitive neuroscience mechanisms underlying retrieval-induced forgetting. In addition, this paper contain three experiments to explore the mechanism of the occurrence of the phenomenon of retrieval-induced forgettingIn Experiment1, there were68college students participated in the experiment."Category-Exemplar" were used in the word-method to explore the effect of different presentation of learning material in retrieval practice paradigm.2(learning conditions:within category learning, between category Iearning)x3(type of project:Rp+, Rp-, Nrp) mixed design was used. The results showed that two learning conditions typical retrieval-induced forgetting effect. In addition, in learning conditions within the category, forgetting is higher than the category stochastic learning conditions, this characteristic interference dependent retrieval-induced forgetting, in line with inhibition of the point of view the explanation.In Experiment2,there were32college students participated in the experiment.2(retrieval ways:"Category-exemplar first word","exemplar first word") x3(type of project:Rp+project, Rp-items, Nrp items) two factors trial within subject design was used. This experiment was to explore the effect of different extraction methods in retrieval practice phase. The results showed that two retrieval methods are typical retrieval-induced forgetting effect, which precludes interference category-exemplar link enhanced interpretation rebuttal retrieval-induced forgetting interference that support the suppression said explanation.In Experiment3, there were18college students participated in the experiment. This experiment use a single factor within-subject design. Retrieval methods were independent variables, within two conditions:category-sample word "simultaneous presentation,"category- the sample first word" following presentation. The interval time was300ms. The results showed that under the following presentation conditions in the200-1100ms time window, ERP waveform were more positive, the average volatility significantly higher than at the same time presents the conditions in the50-300ms between, ERPs crest under two conditions reached a significant difference;in addition, under two conditions, the difference in the right frontal region of the brain is significantly larger than the left and central.Conclusions:(1) In the retrieval practice paradigm, learning styles does not eliminate retrieval-induced forgetting effect, at the same time in the learning conditions by category the last memories forgotten greater than category stochastic learning conditions. This result supports the suppression of retrieval-induced forgetting explain;(2) In the retrieval practice paradigm, diffirent retrieval ways does not affect the generation of retrieval-induced forgetting effect. In retrieval practice phase, does not render the clue word, only render the extraction project still found typical retrieval-induced forgetting effect. This result strongly refute the retrieval-induced forgetting interference said to explain, and to support the suppression of inhibitory said to explain;(3) In the retrieval practice phase, the different materials rendered significantly affect be test the reaction, while rendering under conditions being test the reaction significantly significantly short in the relay when rendered under conditions being test the reaction, from the ERPs of view, following presentation condition produced a more forward wave, the average volatility were also significantly larger than the simultaneous presentation conditions, and the results also support the the extract induced forgetting inhibition explained.