Manchu Qing Dynasty Imperial Examination

As Beijing eight banners are the major force of Qing dynasty, more attention has been paid to their education, including riding, shooting and Manchu language. Under the attract of Han culture, the Manchu rulers gradually execute one set of imperial examination system for Beijing eight banners, which is different from Han people. These polices, showing Qing dynasty’s minority character, promote the integration of Manchu and Han culture as well as the further development of their relationship.The paper selects Beijing eight banners’ imperial examination as the subject and summarizes the achievements of eight banners’ education as the starting point. It is designed to analysis the national characteristic measures as well as the purpose and influence of Beijing eight banners’ imperial examination.To begin with, this paper first discusses that the Beijing eight-banner’s imperial examination system is established based on the development of education during the early Qing. Shunzhi opens imperial examinations for Beijing eight banners in the eighth year after entering the center plain in order to solve the most urgent problem of translation between Manchu and Han people. These policies reflect the rulers spare no efforts to preserve the Manchu’s tradition. The second part analyses that Qianlong emperor takes more measures to strengthen the riding, shooting and Manchu language, but the results are not ideal. As the Han cultural level of Beijing eight banners rises gradually and they take part in art imperial examination the same as Han people besides remaining riding and shooting test before that. The third part focuses on the development of the eight banners’ imperial examination after middle Qing dynasty. The royal members are permitted to take part in imperial examinations and the common eight banners are increasingly keen to participate in art examination to chase fame. After the medium-term of Qing dynasty, the eight banners gradually don’t care riding and shooting. In the late Qing, with the failure of the feudal dynasty, the examination system has become a stumbling block to history and then had been abandoned. Finally, the last part mainly summarizes the achievement of eight banners’ imperial examination, analyses the reasons such as education, political privilege, as well as the far-reaching effects.