Researches On International Carbon Political Game And China’s Strategy

Industrial revolution made human society get rid of agricultural society which developed in slow speed, and develop into industrial society. In industrial society, human create huge material wealth, but also consume a lot of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas.As a result, a large amount of greenhouse gases was emitted into the atmosphere and this led to climate change. Weather disasters caused by climate change, such as glacier melting, sea level rising, floods and droughts, would preclude development of human society. Climate change has become a severe challenge that human has to face to.Climate change is a very complex problem, it is not only a scientific problem, but also a political game that countries compete for greenhouse gas reduction and development space. Climatic resources as global public goods is with a non-exclusive and non-competitive characteristic. Because international community lacks effective authority, so the climate resources is difficult to get the efficient allocation,"Free Rider" phenomenon is difficult to be avoided. Since the year when United Nations Conference on Environment and Development was signed, major countries and groups have been played a complex game around the reduction and development. After ten years of development, the international community on climate change reached a series of consensus such as "Kyoto Protocol", Bali Road Map,"Copenhagen Agreement "and so on. Currently, the international climate negotiations is in post-Copenhagen era countries gradually start to complete for the word in low-carbon economy. Carbon politics has become the optimal synonymous of climate politics.Carbon politics bases on climate science research and environmental movement in1960s-1970s originated in America, and develops along with the process of climate negotiation. In the initial development process of carbon politics, there are two camps, developing countries and developed countries, and three subjects, the European Union, the Umbrella Group and the Group of77countries plus China. With the countries’ benefit appeals and climate policies changing, two camps become divided and recombined, and the game becomes more complicated. As the largest developing country and the largest carbon emitters in the world, China lacks carbon word and carbon emissions space, and has to share very large cost to change the industrial structure. How China achieve a dominate position in the carbon politics game, is a problem to be studied in this paper. This paper argues that in order to achieve dominant position in carbon politics game, China should develop low carbon economy, and at the same time, unite developing countries and keep communicate and cooperate with developed countries, and also maintain the right of development.