Investigation On140GHz CMOS On-chip Antenna

With the breakthrough of the THz source device, the high frequency electromagnetic waves inTHz has become the research focus in recent years. Terahertz technology has caused so muchattention, mainly for its location in frequency spectrum (0.1~10THz),the electromagnetic wave inthis frequency range exhibits unique properties,which provides people with new research ideas.Terahertz waves have higher resolution, better directionality, confidentiality and anti-jammingcapability. the small size of antenna caused by a relatively short wavelength in Terahertz frequencyrange makes its structure simpler. And with this kind of antenna, it is more convenient when used incompact circuit. Terahertz waves have great potential in communications, spectroscopy and imagingapplications for its excellent electromagnetic properties. In this paper, the antennas we designedwork in THz. How to ensure good antenna performance on such a high frequency in order to followthe development of terahertz technology has become the main content of this paper.Conventionally an antenna is placed off the chip with its feed line connected to the packagepins. However, the high-frequency antenna has a very low radiation efficiency in this designbecause of long lossy paths and the complex relationship of matching impedances to each paths.With the development of integration technology, the on-chip antenna (Antennas on Chip: AOC)provides a good antenna design environment for high frequency antennas and becomes mainstreamtechnology. However, the AoC solution also has disadvantages: antennas without any shelter willhave very low radiation efficiency due to silicon substrate low resistivity and high permittivity. Sowe have to take effective measures to isolate the antenna and the silicon substrate. The artificialmagnetic conductor (Artificial Magnetic Conductor: AMC) with its unique reflection phase waveband gaps and a band gap as a very good insulating material is applied to our design.The main research context and design contents are as follows:(1)Microstrip antennas including a rectangular microstrip antenna and E-type microstrip, hasbeen designed and studied. They work in140GHz and they are based on SMIC standard CMOSprocess. A detailed discussion of the effects of various parameters on the two microstrip antennaperformance has been presented. We also design the E-type microstrip antenna to improve thebandwidth characteristics of rectangular microstrip antenna.(2)Monopole antennas has been designed and studied. They work in140GHz and they are basedon SMIC standard CMOS process. Comparing the performance of the Monopole antenna loadingground plane, we demonstrates the necessity of building shelter between antennas and the siliconsubstrate. (3)Tow type artificial magnetic conductor has been designed and studied, they also work in140GHz. We also investigated the the effects of various parameters which constitute its structureandAMC in different metal layers on the performance ofAMC.(4)We optimize the performance of the monopole antennas by using the tow type artificialmagnetic conductor. We also discuss the effects of artificial magnetic conductor in different arraysand in different metal layers on the performance of the monopole antennas. At last, we obtain therules that changing artificial magnetic conductor array can change the performance of on-chipantenna.