Based On Ecosystem Services Guanzhong Region Land Resources Ecological Security

With the growing population, acceleration of urbanization and change on quantity, structure and spatial pattern of regional land utilization, ecosystem faces grave threat. In addition, human activities and intensifying utilization of land resources affect not only ecosystem service function, but also ecology and ecological safety of land resources in some way. Ecological security of land resources is one of the important research content of ecological security, although the ecological security of land resources has made certain research progress in the field of theory and research methods, but most of the research index evaluation method, it has great difference and imperfection. The evaluation index system method based on the construction of ecosystem service perspective, to carry out research on ecological security evaluation of land resources sustainable utilization in typical region, the regional land resources, to promote the sustainable development of the regional environment and social economy, has important theoretical and practical significance.The study object of this thesis is Guanzhong area which plays an important role in economic development in Shanxi province during the year1989to2010. The author took the data on land utilization, society, economy and other relevant data, used GIS technology and mathematical statistical method, conveyed a research on the characteristics of the change of land utilization, analyzed the change and the value on the service function of ecosystem and revealed the impact of land utilization on ecosystem. At last, taken the ecosystem service function into consideration, evaluation index and its ecological safety on land resources have been confirmed by using AHP method and evaluation and analyze on ecological safety of land resources have been carried out, combined with the PSR model to establish the land resource ecological security evaluation index system, and based on the analyze on ecological safety of land resources in Guanzhong area, strategy about reasonable utilization of land resources has been put forward.Conclusions drawn from this paper:First, the obvious change of land utilization during the year1989to2010in Guanzhong area, the area of cultivated land, water area and unused land are declining. However, the area of other type of land is growing. The growth rate of forestry is the highest. The area of forestry increased about450,408.5square hectares and cultivated area decreased about519,466.7square hectares. The tendency of garden plot fluctuates at the rate of22.6%for the maximum index and minus2.5%for water area for the minimum. The structure of land utilization in year1989to2010in Guanzhong area changed greatly. Cultivated land accounts for the biggest percentage, while this data decreased at a lower rate,40%in1989to31%in2010, Water area and land for transportation account the least,1%in1989to3%.Secondly, the ecosystem service value ranks as follows in Guanzhong area, forestry, cultivated land, water area, garden field, grassland and unused land. The utilization value of cultivated land decreased year on year,13.55billion yuan in1989to10.86billion yuan in2010, with the decreased amount of2.69billion yuan. The reason for this is cultivated land area decreased greatly and ecosystem service value reduced. At the same time, ecosystem service value for grassland augmented, especially during the year1989to1999with the increased amount of2.59billion yuan. The value for forestry grew constantly. The value for grassland increased slightly around1.65billion yuan. The value for water area went up first and went down later, from3.96billion yuan to4.13billion yuan and later3.33billion yuan, decreased630million yuan in21years. The phenomenon closely related with the human damage to natural environment.Thirdly, Changes of each ecosystem service function in Guanzhong area is significantly. In accordance with the change of ecosystem function, change on climate control, soil formation and soil protection is most obvious, decreasing about10%. During1989to1999, the ecosystem functional value augmented in most part, apart from water conservation and waste treatment. However, during the year1999to2010, the majority of functional value went down, except the increase on water conservation with the rate of8%. The characters of change on total value of ecosystem functions in every county in Guanzhong area. The total value of ecosystem ranks in line in different counties, Weinan city, Baoji city, Tongchuan city, Xianyang city, Xi’an city. Guanzhong area can be divided into three districts, Chang’an district and most counties in Xianyang county with low value in1989, while as most counties in Weinan and Baoji city with higher value. In1999, the ecological safety of land resources improved greatly and the county which belonged to low value area transformed into middle-value area. Weinan county experienced most prominent change in2010, transforming high-value into middle-value area, demonstrating achievements made by the Weinan county in terms of ecological and environmental protection.Fourthly, The land resource ecological security situation in Guanzhong area has been improved. Judging by the comprehensive evaluation of land resources ecological security, The ecological safety indexes are0.7993,0.6143and0.7083for the year1989,1999and2010. The index can be divided into five grades, severe condition, risky condition, sensitive condition and comparatively safe condition and safe condition. It is demonstrated that an improving condition for the transformation from risky condition to sensitive condition during1989and2010. The improvement level ranks as follows, Tongchuan city, Weinan city, Xianyang city, Baoji city and Xi’an city. The differences on ecological safety of land resources are obvious, Baoji city, Xi’an city and Tongchuan city with better condition, while as Weinan city and Xianyang city with worsening safety condition.At last, based on the analyze on ecological safety of land resources in Guanzhong area, strategy about reasonable utilization of land resources has been put forward with the purpose of offering scientific evidence for effective allocation, ecological and environmental protection, sustainable development in social and economic aspects for land resources in Guangzhong area.The innovation of this paper lies in:(1)Through analyzing the change and motive of land resources, based on land use change research, relationship between the spatio-temporal evolution of land ecosystem service and land use and ecosystem services were studied.(2)Based on the perspective of ecosystem services, the index system of ecological security evaluation of land resources construction with ecosystem service function as the evaluation index, fully consider the effects of both natural and human activity factors on ecological security of land resources to make the results more objective and scientific.